Plasmopara halstedii is an obligate biotrophic oomycete causing downy mildew disease on sunflower, Helianthus annuus, an economically important oil crop. Severe symptoms of the disease (e.g., plant dwarfism, leaf bleaching, sporulation and production of infertile flower) strongly impair seed yield. Pl resistance genes conferring resistance to specific P. halstedii pathotypes were located on sun...

Cognitive Radio Network (CRN) enables secondary users to borrow unused spectrum from the proprietary users in a dynamic and opportunistic manner. However, dynamic and open access nature of available spectrum brings a serious challenge of sustenance amongst CRNs which makes them vulnerable to various spectrum etiquette attacks. Jamming-based denial of service (DoS) attack poses serious threats t...

The performance of a cognitive radio network (CRN) solely depends on how precisely the secondary users can sense the presence or absence of primary users. The incorporation of a spatial false alarm makes deriving the probability of a correct decision a cumbersome task. Previous literature performed this task for the case of a received signal under a Normal probability density function case. In ...

Cognitive Radio (CR) is an emerging technology that solves the spectrum inefficient problem in licensed pools by using dynamic spectral access (DSA). Spectrum Handoff plays important role DSA to ensure seamless and robust cognitive user (CU) services maintain CR network (CRN) quality. In this article, we present analytical model of pool-based handoff process two different licensing under Hetero...

Using chiral Ward identities of QCD, we derive a relation for the induced pseudoscalar coupling constant which is accurate within a few percent, gP = 8.44± 0.16. CRN-94/13 March 1994

Chromium nitride (CrN) is a well-known hard coating material that has found applications in abrasion and wear-resistant cutting tools, bearings, tribology due to its high hardness, high-temperature stability, corrosion-resistant properties. In recent years, CrN also attracted significant interest thermoelectric power factor, for unique intriguing metal-insulator phase transition. While bulk sin...

Abstract In order to obtain sliding electrical contact materials with good conductivity and wear resistance, a series of silver doped chromium nitride (CrN-Ag) coatings were prepared by magnetron sputtering. The hardness, elastic modulus, chemical composition surface morphology the characterized in detail. tribological properties conductivities CrN-Ag investigated detail at low high current den...

Cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) can improve the spectrum sensing performance by introducing spatial diversity in cognitive radio networks (CRNs). However, such cooperation also introduces the delay for reporting sensing data. Conventional cooperation scheme assumes that the cooperative secondary users (SUs) report their local sensing data to the fusion center sequentially. This causes the re...

The chemical reaction network (CRN) is a widely used formalism to describe macroscopic behavior of chemical systems. Available tools for CRN modelling and simulation require local access, installation, and often involve local file storage, which is susceptible to loss, lacks searchable structure, and does not support concurrency. Furthermore, simulations are often single-threaded, and user inte...

BACKGROUND/AIMS Fecal immunochemical test (FIT) is an integral component of most colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programs. However, little is known about clinical risk factors associated with advanced colorectal neoplasia (CRN) despite negative FIT results. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical predictors of advanced CRN despite negative FIT results. METHODS We performed FITs ...