Recent studies indicate that mitochondrial dysfunction plays a role in the pathogenesis of a number of disease states. The importance of these organelles in shock and multiple organ dysfunction is of particular interest to those caring for the critically ill. Mitochondria have their own unique DNA (mtDNA) that encodes 13 essential subunits of electron transport chain enzymes, two ribosomal RNAs...

INTRODUCTION When I was invited as an opening speaker for this conference, I was not asked to embed it in what some call the Aarhus tradition that is now giving rise to the fourth decennial international and interdisciplinary scientific event. However, I found that I could not do otherwise. Partly, because I am full of admiration for what has been achieved, and partly because I wonder where the...

A broader perspective on the role of cities and their relation to their inhabitants and the planet is essential to effectively answer urgent sustainability questions that emerge in and beyond cities. This essay provides a critical reflection on the notion of the sustainable city. The central question discussed is: how can the ideal of a sustainable city be best conceptualised? Through exploring...

Two important theoretical approaches have been developed to generically characterize the relationship between the structure and function of large genetic networks: the continuous approach, based on reaction-kinetics differential equations, and the Boolean approach, based on difference equations and discrete logical rules. These two approaches do not always coincide in their predictions for the ...

This paper uses aspects of Jurgen Habermas’s critical theory of societal development as the evaluative stance for the introduction, application and implications of evaluation of teaching quality in universities. It argues that the practice of student evaluation of teaching or Student Ratings of Teaching (SRT) is clearly designed to position students as consumers in their educational experience....

The technological advancements that allow support for organ dysfunction have led to an increase in survival rates for the most critically ill patients. Some of these patients survive the initial acute critical condition but continue to suffer from organ dysfunction and remain in an inflammatory state for long periods of time. This group of critically ill patients has been described since the 19...

Atlantoaxial facet joints have been proposed as the center of mobility and also center for instability of the atlantoaxial region. Because of the high mobility of the atlantoaxial (C1-C2) motion segment, fusion rates at this level have been substantially lower than those at the subaxial spine. The success of craniovertebral junction surgery depends on adequate reduction, decompression of cranio...

Reconstruction of aortoiliac segment and femoroperoneal graft. Such an extensive operation is now sometimes indicated. The number ofmajor amputations done each year for vascular insufficiency is not precisely known but is probably about 10 000. This suggests that between 20% and 40% of all critically ischaemic legs are amputated eventually. Society's attitudes to amputation have changed little ...

We pay attention that through Bell’s arguments one can not distinguish quantum nonlocality and nonergodicity. Therefore experimental violations of Bell’s inequality can be as well interpreted as supporting the hypothesis that stochastic processes induced by quantum measurements could be nonergodic.