This article analyzes the critical language awareness (CLA) of Spanish university-level students who were enrolled in a 16-week heritage (SHL) course, using CLA as an instructional approach. Students’ attitudes towards bilingualism, Spanglish, variation, and prescriptivist grammar measured via pretest posttest surveys that used four-point Likert scale strongly agree, disagree, or along with tex...

when we speak of “training by means of questions”, as the most widespread form of training in language teaching, the question of self-assessment is more than ever vying for attention. self-assessment is an active rational strategy of on-the-job training, which allows teachers to identify ways of improving their job skills. in this article, we intend to offer a pedagogical reflection, which, b...