Lower cranial nerve palsy, also known as Collet-Sicard syndrome, is a fairly rare pathology characterized by unilateral palsy of the IX-X-XI-XII cranial nerves. We report a multiple cranial nerve palsy developing after a head trauma that might have been considered negligible. A 16-year-old boy was admitted with swallowing and articulation problems and difficulty lifting one shoulder after a hea...

Abstract Background Cavernous sinus syndrome (CSS) consists of a variable combination involvement the 3rd-to-6th cranial nerves. The etiologies vary across studies, and it has significant impact on outcome. This study was done to delineate etiology, clinico-radiological profile outcome CSS. In this prospective study, patients were recruited consecutively over 2 years, followed up for at least 6...

Congenital cranial dysinnervation disorders are a group of diseases caused by abnormal development of cranial nerve nuclei or their axonal connections, resulting in aberrant innervation of the ocular and facial musculature. Its diagnosis could be facilitated by the development of high resolution thin-section magnetic resonance imaging. The purpose of this review is to describe the method to vis...

There are several syndromes of multiple cranial nerve involvement. One syndrome described by Garcin was a step-b-step ipsilateral involvement of all 12 cranial nerves unilaterally. This term is now used for multiple cranial nerve palsies that do not fit into any of the other named syndromes. This article describes the various pathologies associated with multiple cranial nerve palsies and their ...

Remittent isolated palsy of peripheral or of upper cranial nerves in diabetic patients is well documented, but paralysis of a lower cranial nerve or an isolated branch of any cranial nerve has rarely been reported. In the case described, besides temporary hypoglossal and facial nerve palsies previously, unilateral temporary vocal cord palsy caused by right inferior laryngeal nerve (recurrent) p...

The unilateral involvement of all or nearly all of the cranial nerves, associated with various conditions, was first described by Garcin in 1926. Different conditions such as tumors or inflammations are known to be causes of this syndrome. The primary carcinoma of the middle ear is one of causes of the syndrome of Garcin. In Japan, we have had no report of this syndrome caused by the tumors of ...

The electrical activity of the cranial nerves innervating the muscles which contract and dilate the buccal cavity (defined BCcont and BCdil, respectively) was explored in the bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana. The sternohyoid branch of the hypoglossal nerve innervating BCdil showed electrical activity in two consecutive phases: buccal inhalation and lung expiration as well as in the last phase of the ...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the presence of serum anti-GT1a IgG in Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and its relation to clinical manifestations. BACKGROUND Several patients with GBS and bulbar palsy have been reported to have serum anti-GT1a IgG. Most, however, also have anti-GQ1b IgG. A previous study failed to detect GT1a in human cranial nerves, but GQ1b was abundant in human ocular motor nerves...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Although visualization of the extracranial branches of the cranial nerves has improved with advances in MR imaging, only limited studies have assessed the detection of extracranial branches of the mandibular nerve (V3). We investigated the detectability of the branches of V3 on a 3D double-echo steady-state with water excitation sequence. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retros...