OBJECTIVE To apply Markov models to assess the cost effectiveness of the relative impact of obstructive interval and female partner age on fertility using either assisted reproductive technology (ART) or vasectomy reversal, and elucidate the impact of these variables on fertility. DESIGN Markov models based on review of published literature and available ART outcome data. SETTING University...

economic data and performance records from 10 iranian holstein dairy cattle herds, as well as milk production and fertility records from iranian center of animal breeding and animal production improvment were used to estimate the effect of calving difficulty on milk production, fertility and as well on the economic aspects of maternal and direct calving difficulty. calving difficulty could be d...

BACKGROUND Obesity in infertile women increases the costs of fertility treatments, reduces their effectiveness and increases significantly the risks of many complications of pregnancy and for the newborn. Studies suggest that even a modest loss of 5-10 % of body weight can restore ovulation. However, there are gaps in knowledge regarding the benefits and cost-effectiveness of a lifestyle modifi...

background: infections are one of the correctable causes of infertility with low cost and cost effective treatment. the 50% of infertile cases is related to men in some way, and 30% of them are absolutely related to them. mycoplasmas are the smallest microorganisms with capability of dna replication. present study is planned to compare the mycoplasma infection in infertile men and men with esta...

Supplementation of cows grazing rangelands is often beneficial to overcome nutrient deficiencies or imbalances. However, supplemental feeds and their delivery to the cow herd are expenses and thus supplementation decisions should be carefully made to ensure that costs are minimized and benefits in terms of cow performance exceed supplementation costs. When supplementing cows, there are question...

considering different fertility traits 411 cows from 73 farms used for economic analyses. from these, 202 lactating cows were selected for evaluating the fertility status. pre-tested data sheets were used to record the socioeconomic status of the farms including their assets, cost and return and productive and reproductive performance of the dairy cows. targets were set considering the situatio...

Efficient pasture-based milk production systems require a compact calving pattern aligned to the onset of the grazing season, a 365-day calving interval and low culling rates for infertility. Achievement of these targets requires high herd reproductive performance. While high genetic merit Holstein cows produce more milk in grass-based systems their fertility is compromised. Management of the m...

Many genetic markers related to health or production traits are not evaluated in populations independent of the discovery population or related to phenotype. Here we evaluated 68 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in candidate genes previously associated with genetic merit for fertility and production traits for association with phenotypic measurements of fertility in a population of Holstei...

Background IgE mediated cow’s milk allergy (CMA) is a frequent disease in pediatric population, and challenge tests are considered gold standard in its diagnosis, although its use is limited in clinical practice. An appropriated anamnesis and laboratorial analysis are the most frequent and feasible used tools. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of these practices in IgE mediated CMA...

Population Studies at Michigan, the Harris School and an ASSA session where Evelyn Lehrer provided a very useful discussion. We acknowledge the support of NSF grant 0520188 through the NBER. Abstract The Catholic countries of Europe pose a puzzle for economic demography – their fertility is the lowest in history despite low female labor force participation rates. Total fertility rates now avera...