The World Health Organization’s (WHO’s) World Health Report 2010, “Health systems financing, the path to universal coverage,” promoted universal health coverage (UHC) as an aspirational objective for country health systems. Yet, in addition to the dimensions of services and coverage, distribution of coverage in the population, and financial risk protection highlighted by the report, the conside...

Census counts are subject to different types of nonsampling errors. One of these main errors is coverage error. Undercount and overcount are two types of coverage error. Undercount usually occurs more than the other, thus net undercount estimation is important. There are various methods for estimating the coverage error in censuses. One of these methods is dual system (DS) that usually uses dat...

Model-based test case generation is gaining acceptance to the software practitioners. Advantages of this are the early detection of faults, reducing software development time etc. In recent times, researchers have considered different UML diagrams for generating test cases. Few work on the test case generation using activity diagrams is reported in literatures. However, the existing work consid...

We propose a new approach to testing conformance to a nondeterministic specification , in which testing proceeds only as long as increased test coverage is guaranteed. In testing that a system meets a nondeterministic specification [1], it is usually assumed that the system is fair to each transition of the specification (i.e., the system will make every possible nondeterministic choice if give...

The ASIC design flow is rapidly moving towards higher description levels, and most design activities are now performed at the RT-level. However, test-related activities are lacking behind this trend, mainly since effective fault models and test pattern generation tools are still missing. This paper proposes techniques for implementing a high-level ATPG. The proposed algorithm mixes a code cover...

We present a method for automatically generating test sequences to satisfy MC/DC like structural coverage criteria of software behavioral models specified in state-based formalisms. The use of temporal logic for characterizing test criteria and the application of model-checking techniques for generating test sequences to those criteria have been of interest in software verification research for...

This paper presents formal results derived from the COUVERTURE project, whose goal was to develop tools to support structural coverage analysis of uninstrumented safety-critical software. After briefly introducing the project context and explaining the need for formal foundations, we focus on the relationships between machine branch coverage and the DO-178B Modified Condition/Decision Coverage ...

Behavioral modeling languages are most useful if their behavior is specified formally such that it can e.g. be analyzed and executed automatically. Obviously, the quality of such behavior specifications is crucial. The rule-based semantics specification technique Dynamic Meta Modeling (DMM) honors this by using the approach of Test-driven Semantics Specification (TDSS), which makes sure that th...

While many errors in machine translated texts are due to word sense ambiguity, syntactical transfer still poses problems, too. For a particular type of syntactic structure, namely, subordinate clauses, this paper distinguishes five kinds of translation difficulties: crosslanguage differences, syntactic ambiguity, functional ambiguity, stylistic preferences, and grammatical coverage.

This paper analyzes the performance of a base station layout for a UMTS network in a densely populated city. The study is carried out using snapshot simulations of an actual city (Barcelona, Spain) with specific traffic and propagation profiles. A first layout is proposed in order to guarantee good coverage with a minimum number of base stations. This layout is approached taking into account th...