Abstract Using new data on county-level variation in alcohol prohibition from 1933 to 1939, we investigate whether the repeal of federal increased infant mortality, both counties and states that repealed neighbouring counties. We find is associated with a 4.0% increase mortality rates chose wet status via local option elections or state-wide legislation 4.7% dry counties, suggesting large role ...

Background: There has been a rapid global development of the horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing process termed fracking. This involves the dispersion of “produced water” which contains naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM) which may contaminate surface water and pose a health risk. Objectives: To investigate association between early (0-28 days) infant mortality by county in...

BACKGROUND In 2012, we published an overview of the prevalence of developmental disorders and neurological diseases in children in Norway, which was unknown at the time. In this article we will compare diagnostics and treatment across counties and institutions. MATERIAL AND METHOD The prevalence across counties of autism spectrum disorders, ADHD, epilepsy and cerebral palsy in children aged 0...

OBJECTIVE To test a positive deviance method to identify counties that are performing better than statistical expectations on a set of population health indicators. DESIGN Quantitative, cross-sectional county-level secondary analysis of risk variables and outcomes in Indiana. Data are analysed using multiple linear regression to identify counties performing better or worse than expected given...

The objective of this study was to investigate malaria prevalence after the 2014 earthquakes in Ludian, Yongshan, and Jinggu counties, Yunnan Province, China. We collected and analyzed epidemiological data and made a risk assessment of transmission probability. From January 2005 to July 2015, 87 malaria cases were reported in the three counties, most of which (81.6%) occurred between 2005 and 2...

In the United States, blacks have higher death rates from colon cancer than whites, and the survival disparity may be due in part to differences in screening programs and acute medical care in counties with a high concentration of blacks. We studied 148,947 Medicare beneficiaries with newly diagnosed colorectal cancer in 1989-1991 who resided in the 329 most populous counties in the United Stat...

According to the framework of "Pressure-State-Response", this study established an indicator system which can reflect comprehensive risk of environment and health for an area at large scale. This indicator system includes 17 specific indicators covering social and economic development, pollution emission intensity, air pollution exposure, population vulnerability, living standards, medical and ...

OBJECTIVE Two demographically similar counties included in the New York Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Surveillance Network had very different prevalence rates. This study examined the components of the surveillance in an attempt to discover the reasons for this discrepancy. METHODS Erie County and Monroe County were the 2 most populous counties included in the New York Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Surveil...

Background: County-level density of providers of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening and treatment may influence its outcomes. We hypothesized that an increase in the density of general surgeons and gastroenterologist in counties is associated with a reduction in CRC mortality rate. Methods: We analyzed a linked Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results 2006-2010and Area Resource File 2009 datase...

BACKGROUND Prenatal diagnosis involves methods used in early pregnancy as either screening tests or diagnostic methods. The aims of the study were to i) investigate guidelines on prenatal diagnosis in the counties of Sweden, ii) investigate uptake of prenatal diagnosis, and iii) background characteristics and pregnancy outcomes in relation to different prenatal diagnostic methods. METHODS A r...