Imbibition, the displacement of a nonwetting fluid by wetting fluid, plays central role in diverse energy, environmental, and industrial processes. While this process is typically studied homogeneous porous media with uniform permeabilities, many cases, have multiple parallel strata different permeabilities. How such stratification impacts dynamics imbibition, as well saturation after breaks th...

927-936. = 959. -The osmolality was determined of fluid collected by micropuncture from proximal and distal convolutions, loops of Henle, collecting ducts and vasa recta of kidneys of various rodents with and without osmotic diuresis. Proximal tubular fluid was isosmotic; in the presence of antidiuretic hormone, early distal fluid was hypo-osmotic due to the prior reabsorption of sodium chlorid...

The renal medullary countercurrent system differentiates into its final segmental nephron function and geometry during perinatal development. The influence of these changes on the medullary longitudinal osmotic gradient cannot be evaluated by experimental studies. Therefore, a computation analysis using a differential equation model of the renal countercurrent system was applied to quantitate t...

Pigments of the flavanol-anthocyanin (F-A+) type detected earlier in wine are synthesized using a protocol adapted from the synthesis of procyanidin dimers. The F-A+ adduct thus obtained is purified by countercurrent liquid-liquid partition, currently referred to as countercurrent chromatography (CCC). The solvent system consists of tert-butyl methyl ether-n-butanol-acetonitrile-water (2:2:1:5,...

A systematic investigation is carried out, studying the effect of neutral beam injection induced energetic particles (EPs) on n = 1 (n toroidal mode number) internal kink (IK) instability in HL-2M tokamak, utilizing MARS-F/K code [Liu et al., Phys. Plasmas 7, 3681 (2000) and 15, 112503 (2008)]. high-beta sawteething scenario, simulated by TRANSP [Breslau al. Computer Software (2018)], chosen fo...