OBJECTIVE Ivabradine, a specific heart rate lowering therapy, has been shown in a randomised placebo-controlled study, Systolic HF Treatment with the If Inhibitor Ivabradine Trial (SHIfT), to significantly reduce the composite end point of cardiovascular death and hospitalisation for worsening heart failure (HF) in patients with systolic HF who are in sinus rhythm and with a heart rate ≥70 bpm,...

This paper considers the potential problems that may militate against the adoption of organic poultry production in Nigeria. Factors identified include: higher risk of diseases like coccidiosis and Newcastle disease, disease prevention and control / herd health management, disease containment in times of outbreak, land acquisition (land tenure system), market economies / cost-benefit ratio, pas...

OBJECTIVES To provide summary estimates of gastroenteritis risks and illness burden associated with recreational water exposure and determine whether children have higher risks and burden. METHODS We combined individual participant data from 13 prospective cohorts at marine and freshwater beaches throughout the United States (n = 84 411). We measured incident outcomes within 10 days of exposu...

This paper examines changes in drug utilization following Taiwan's newly implemented National Health Insurance (NHI) outpatient prescription drug cost-sharing program for persons over 65 years old. The study is a hospital outpatient prescription level analysis that adopts a pretest-posttest control group experiment design. Selected measures of outpatient prescription drug utilization are examin...

conclusions this study showed that pcs and mcs score were slightly more than overall results while kdcs was slightly less than overall results. in addition, dialysis adequacy with kt/v between 1 and 1.2 is associated with lower rate of hospitalization. patients and methods a total of 6,930 chronic hemodialysis (hd) patients enrolled. kdcs-sf version 1.3 questionnaire was used to assess the heal...