An appropriate bid price is essential for winning a construction project contract. However, making an accurate cost estimate is both time-consuming and expensive. Thus, a method that does not take much time and can approximate a proper bid price can help a contractor in making bid-price decisions when the available bid-estimation time is insufficient. Such a method can also generate a target co...

three k-tree distance and fixed-sized plot designs were used for estimating tree density in sparse oak forests. these forests cover the main part of the zagros mountain area in western iran. they are non-timber-oriented forest but important for protection purposes. the main objective was to investigate the statistical performance of k-tree distance and fixed-sized plot designs in the estimation...

Development effort is an undeniable part of the project management which considerably influences the success of project. Inaccurate and unreliable estimation of effort can easily lead to the failure of project. Due to the special specifications, accurate estimation of effort in the software projects is a vital management activity that must be carefully done to avoid from the unforeseen results....

The paper aims to provide for the improvement of software estimation research through a new regression model. The study design of the paper is organized as follows. Evaluation of estimation methods based on historical data sets requires that these data sets be representative for current or future projects. For that reason the data set for software cost estimation model the International Softwar...

Expert-based estimation is the most common and preferred method to estimate the effort for software development project because it is fast, less expensive and reasonably accuracy. Expert software developers use his intuition and experience during effort estimation task. Estimation by analogy of features is also used to compare the new feature to similar in past development. This paper extends r...

in children. although its burden is considerably preventable by vaccine, routine vaccination against hib has not been defined in the national immunization program of iran. this study was performed to assess the cost-benefit and cost‑utility of running an hib vaccination program in iran. methods: based on a previous systematic review and meta‑analysis for vaccine efficacy, we estimated the avert...