The western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera (LeConte), is a major pest of maize, Zea mays L., in the United States and Europe, and it is likely to increase in importance as a trend toward increasednonrotatedmaize favors larger rootwormpopulations.Options for rootworm management in nonrotated maize in Europe and in nontransgenic “refuge” areas in countries that permit transgenic ma...

Ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences were used to evaluate the phylogenetics of Zea and Tripsacum. Maximum likelihood and polymorphism parsimony were used for phylogenetic reconstructions. Zea ITS nucleotide diversity was high compared to other plant species, but approximately equivalent to other maize loci. Coalescence of ITS alleles was rapid relative to other nuclear loci; h...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the response corn (Zea mays L.) grain yield nitrogen (N) fertilizer application and its residual effect on soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) seed yield. During 2020 growing season, a corn-soybean rotation continued at Scandia, KS (USA), evaluating five N rates in under both dryland irrigated conditions. Average yields ranged from 110 206 bu/a for dryland, 19...

Field studieswere conducted in 2003 and 2004 to determine the effects of grassyweeds, postemergence grass control, transgenic rootworm-resistant corn, Zea mays L., expressing the Cry3Bb1endotoxin andglyphosate herbicide tolerance (Bt corn), and the interactions of these factors on western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, damage and adult emergence. Three insect management ...

The European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner), causes economic damage to corn, Zea mays L., throughout the Corn Belt. Because this insect has become the primary target of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bt) transgenic corn, current efforts addressing the management of O. nubilalis resistance to Bt corn require information on adult European corn borer dispersal and factors affecting its ...

In late 2002, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)’s Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), the agency that regulates field release of genetically engineered (transgenic) plants, found that the biotechnology company ProdiGene, Inc. failed to follow government regulations for growing genetically modified (GM) corn (Zea mays), engineered to produce a specialty pharmaceutical pro...

Western corn rootworm (WCR), Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), is the most destructive insect pest of corn (Zea mays L.) in the United States. The adult WCR beetles derive their nourishment from multiple sources including corn pollen and silks as well as the pollen of alternate hosts. Conversely, the corn foliage is largely neglected as a food source by WCR bee...

Multiple herbicide-resistant waterhemp ( Amaranthus tuberculatus (Moq.) J.D. Sauer) has limited herbicide options for Iowa row crop production. Soybean Glycine max (L.) Merr.) cultivars and corn Zea mays L.) hybrids resistant to 2,4-D, dicamba, glufosinate have provided more management. A probability-based survey of fields was conducted in fall 2019 wherein seeds were collected their susceptibi...

The western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, is an established insect pest of maize (Zea mays L.) in North America. The rotation of maize with another crop, principally soybeans, Glycine max (L.), was the primary management strategy utilized by North American producers and remained highly effective until the mid-1990s. In 1995, widespread and severe root injury occurred in...