Central pontine myelinolysis is a demyelinating disorder characterized by the loss of myelin in the center of the basis pontis usually caused by rapid correction of chronic hyponatremia. The clinical features vary depending on the extent of involvement. Demyelination can occur outside the pons as well and diagnosis can be challenging if both pontine and extrapontine areas are involved. We herei...

In this serial MRI study a 24 year old man presenting anterior spinal artery syndrome was examined. In the acute stage, spin echo sequences showed an enlarged cervical cord on a T1 weighted image and high signal intensity in the enlarged portion of the cord on a T2 weighted image. The findings were interpreted as oedema in the grey and white matter subsequent to ischaemia. In the chronic stage,...

The aim of this present study is to evaluate the therapeutic effect of co-transplantation of neuregulin-1-transfected Schwann cells (SCs) and bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) on a rat model of spinal cord hemi-section injuries (Brown-Séquard syndrome), which is relevant to human clinical spinal cord injury. Both in vivo and in vitro data we received demonstrated that co-transplantation BMSCs w...

Brown-Sequard syndrome (BSS) is an uncommon condition caused by a localized injury to one side of the spinal cord. It rarely reported present because cervical disc herniation (CDH), especially as result 2 consecutive discs prolapse, with only 8 cases worldwide, 4 which have levels C5-C6, C6-C7 being affected just like case we are presenting. A 45 years male had complained left-sided body pain a...

Objective: This study aimed to present an amniotic band syndrome case who underwent intrauterine fetoscopic surgery. Case(s): On ultrasound examination, edema was detected at the distal of right upper extremity. The constrictive tangling around extremity part elbow and umbilical cord during examination. released by using endoscopic scissors grasper. It observed that hand flexion position able r...

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an autoimmune disease that usually presents with optic neuritis or severe myelitis. NMOSD can be diagnosed after only one typical clinical syndrome if immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against the aquaporin-4 receptor (NMO-IgG) are present. Patients with NMOSD can develop marked spinal cord atrophy after myelitis, but it is unknown whether atrop...

A 25-year-old man presented with subacute onset paraparesis with sphincter disturbance. His past medical history unvealed b-thalassemia intermedia (compound heterozygote IVS 1-5) and hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin type 2. His neurological examination disclosed a complete spinal cord syndrome without clear thoracic sensory level. Spinal cord imaging showed severe thoracic spinal sten...

Subacute combined degeneration of the cord is a rare complication of folate deficiency. Disturbance of methylation reactions in nervous tissue probably underlie subacute combined degeneration of the cord arising from folate as well as vitamin B12 deficiency. Methyl tetrahydrofolate is the form in which folic acid is transported into the CNS. Therefore methyl tetrahydrofolate treatment of the ne...

INTRODUCTION The amniotic band syndrome has a scarce prevalence and intrauterine death as a result of amniotic bands formation is extremely rare. CASE PRESENTATION We present an illustrative case of intrauterine death of an embryo in the 24th gestational week in an 30-year old primigravida. The death was ascribed to the twisting of the umbilical cord around the left upper extremity, causing a...

Two women developed stridor immediately after thyroidectomy as a result of paradoxical vocal cord motion. In both cases the cord function showed a normal pattern during vocalisation but paradoxical movement was seen at laryngoscopy during tidal breathing. The abnormality improved in both patients over time with speech therapy. Whilst the syndrome of paradoxical vocal cord motion is classically ...