— Observers have asserted that India’s economic rise coincides with moral change. This study assesses some notable aspects of this claim by using public attitudes toward tax evasion and bribery as indicators of moral values. Using repeated cross-sectional data from the World Values Surveys, I find that tolerance for tax evasion and bribery grew relatively slightly from 1991 to 1996, and then in...

S U M M A R Y The transonic flow near the throat of a converging-diverging nozzle of a gas with infinite electrical conductivity is considered. The magnetic field B is everywhere aligned with the velocity q so that the equations describing the flow are reducible to those of ordinary gasdynamics. Thus, it is possible to utilize the transonic similarity solution of Tomotika and Tamada [3] to stud...

This paper presents the analysis of novelistic fractal optical antenna arrays in a conceptual manner. Fractal antennas are array antennas with converging and diverging growth of basic element or elements for multi-wideband capturing of the electromagnetic waves. Most of these antennas relay on two components for their characteristics. First one is the basic stage shape and second one is the num...

Talbot imaging is a well-known effect that causes sinusoidal patterns to be reimaged by diffraction with characteristic period that varies inversely with both wavelength and the square of the spatial frequency. This effect is treated using the Fresnel diffraction integral for fields with sinusoidal ripples in amplitude or phase. The periodic nature is demonstrated and explained, and a sinusoida...

In this paper we investigate the feasibility of a massively parallel self-mixing imaging system based on an array of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) to measure surface profiles of displacement, distance, velocity, and liquid flow rate. The concept of the system is demonstrated using a prototype to measure the velocity at different radial points on a rotating disk, and the veloc...

Warning This article contains terms, descriptions, and opinions used for historical context that may be culturally sensitive some readers. Background Understanding drivers of boreal forest dynamics supports adaptation strategies in the climate change. Aims We aimed to understand how burn rates varied since early 1700s North American forests. Methods 16 fire-history study sites distributed acros...

The ambipolar radial electric field in a nonaxisymmetric plasma can be described by a nonlinear diffusion equation. This equation is shown to possess solitary wave solutions. A model nonlinear diffusion equation with a cubic nonlinearity is studied. An explicit analytic step-like form for the solitary wave is found. It is shown that the solitary wave solutions are linearly stable against all bu...