Poverty as a socio-economic issue has unsuitable out ones in rural societies. It is said to be an abstract in the way to rural sustainable development. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the effects of social capital on rural poverty reduction in rural areas of Ghobchagh village in Miyandoab County. The method of this research is analytical-description. Data collection has performed through d...

 Introduction: Globalization, new pattern of global economy growth, weakness of welfare state along with cultural and thinking processes such as criticism regarding political economic system challenge prevailing economic development pattern, eradication of poverty and social welfare. This challenge resulted in proposing of rural social approach with emphasize on community based development p...

Introduction: Poverty reduction is one of the most important economic and social goals of politicians and programmers in different societies. Women are more exposed to  poverty and gender discrimination in comparison with men. This is because  women do not have necessary capabilities and facilities for empowerment and poverty reduction. Hence, for anti-poverty programs in the country, policymak...

in fact, this study focused on the following questions: 1. is there any difference between the effect of functional/notional approach and the structural approaches to language teaching on the proficiency test of efl learners? 2. can a rather innovative language test referred to as "functional test" ge devised so so to measure the proficiency test of efl learners, and thus be as much reliable an...

1.1 introduction “i see translation as the attempt to produce a text so transparent that it does not seem to be translated. a good translation is like a pane of glass. you only notice that it’s there when there are little imperfections- scratches, bubbles. ideally, there shouldn’t be any. it should never call attention to itself.” “norman shapiro” (venuti, 1995:1) edward fitzgerald is the br...

abstract a fundamental study of “historio-graphic metafiction” and “literary genres”, as introduced in “new historical philosophy”, and tracing them in the works of julian barnes having studied the two novels, the porcupine and arthur & george, by julian barnes, the researcher has applied linda hutcheon’s historio-graphic metafictional theories to them. the thesis is divided into five cha...

abstract sensitive and precise voltammetric methods for the determination of trace amounts of furaldehydes, mainly as furfural (f) and 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde (hmf), in waste waters and other matrices is described. determination of total furaldehyde at < ?g g-1 levels in alkaline buffered aqueous media was individually investigated. by the use of ordinary swv and adsorptive square wave ...

Introduction: Poverty reduction is one of the most important economic and social goals of politicians and programmers in different societies. Women are more exposed to  poverty and gender discrimination in comparison with men. This is because  women do not have necessary capabilities and facilities for empowerment and poverty reduction. Hence, for anti-poverty programs in the country, policymak...

abstractof two mcall programs introducing 100 vocabulary items through two im the researcher of the present study was intrigued to compare the effects age modalities (pictures and streaming video) with those of a conventional method (teacher instruction) in an efl context. she set out to investigate whether such multimedia environments could provide a more effective environment for vocabulary...

there is no doubt that human being needs to become integrated with industry and industry needs to be progressed, daily. on the other hand, serious events in industrial units specially in oil industries has been shown that such damages and events are industry related ones. the consequence of such events and damages which resulted in chemical and poisoned explosions and loss of life and property ...