This article provides an overview of the social and psychological aspects surrounding the surrogacy process including attitudes about surrogacy, perceptions and problems of surrogate mothers and intended/social parents, and questions concerning children resulting from contractual parenting. Review of the literature on contractual parenting reveals a wealth of discussion about the ethical, moral...

We develop a conceptualization of the firm as simultaneously existing in multiple networks in which each network provides access to different knowledge resources and is subject to different governance mechanisms. At its most parsimonious, firms have two knowledge-acquisition mechanisms: a formal, fine-grained, contractual governance mechanism through inter-firm alliances and a non-formal, coars...

This paper examines emergent information systems and technologies and explains under what supply and demand conditions inter-firm modularisation of information-based products and services and subsequent vertical deintegration of organisations is more likely. Research in organisational economics identifies transactional attributes such as coordination costs, asset specificity, and the economic n...