This paper is concerned with the standard finite element approximation of HamiltonJacobi-Bellman Equations (HJB) with nonlinear source terms. Under a realistic condition on the nonlinearity, we characterize the discrete solution as a fixed point of a contraction. As a result of this, we also derive a sharp L∞error estimate of the approximation. Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary 35F21;...

Loading of extracted muscle fibers causes a small, sudden lengthening, followed by a slower, plastic extension, which is reversed only by active contraction. Polyphosphates in the presence of Mg strongly accelerate plastic extension, but elastic changes in length remain the same as during rigor. The modulus of elasticity on the average is about 6.2 x 10(7) dynes per cm.(2) This value is about 4...

Evidence indicates that skeletal muscle lipid droplet-associated proteins (PLINs) regulate lipolysis through protein-protein interactions on the lipid droplet surface. In adipocytes, PLIN1 is thought to regulate lipolysis by directly interacting with comparative gene identification-58 (CGI-58), an activator of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL). Upon lipolytic stimulation, PLIN1 is phosphorylat...

Geodetic studies have produced different interpretations of the relative vertical thickening versus escape tectonics occurring within the Los Angeles basin based on calculated horizontal strain rates ranging from 56 10 /yr contraction at N36 E to 85 10 /yr north–south contraction and 60 10 /yr east–west extension. Three-dimensional forward mechanical models of faults in the Los Angeles basin ar...

Under acute hypoxic conditions, the muscle oxygen uptake (mV˙O2) during exercise is reduced by the restriction in oxygen-supplied volume to the mitochondria within the peripheral tissue. This suggests the existence of a factor restricting the mV˙O2 under hypoxic conditions at the peripheral tissue level. Therefore, this study set out to test the hypothesis that the restriction in mV˙O2 is regul...

Isometric handgrip is commonly used in stress research because the task reliably increases sympathetic arousal. Various handgrip protocols have been used; they vary in handgrip strength, duration of grip, and the number of cycles of handgrip and rest. However, most protocols require the calibration of a maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) prior to the handgrip task, which is not always convenie...

Seated subjects were instructed to react to an auditory cue by simultaneously contracting the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle of each ankle isometrically. Focal transcranial magnetic stimulation of the leg area of the motor cortex (MCx) was used to determine the time course of changes in motor-evoked potential amplitude (MEP) during the reaction time (RT). In one condition the voluntary contracti...

We prove the existence and uniqueness, local in time, of a solution for a one-phase Stefan problem of a non-classical heat equation for a semiinfinite material with temperature boundary condition at the fixed face. We use the Friedman-Rubinstein integral representation method and the Banach contraction theorem in order to solve an equivalent system of two Volterra integral equations.

In this paper we study the absolute continuity of self-similar measures defined by iterated function systems (IFS) whose contraction ratios are not uniform. We introduce a transversality condition for a multi-parameter family of IFS and study the absolute continuity of the corresponding self-similar measures. Our study is a natural extension of the study of Bernoulli convolutions by Solomyak, P...

We study numerical integrators that contract phase space volume even when the ODE does so at an arbitrarily small rate. This is done by a splitting into two-dimensional contractive systems. We prove a sufficient condition for Runge-Kutta methods to have the appropriate contraction property for these two-dimensional systems; the midpoint rule is an example.