The pharmacokinetics of vancomycin were studied in four patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. After a single intravenous infusion of 10 mg/kg of total body weight, multiple blood, urine, and dialysate samples were collected during a 72-h evaluation period. The steady-state volume of distribution was 0.73 +/- 0.07 (mean +/- standard deviation) liters/kg with a beta half-life of ...

T he adequacy of peritoneal dialysis in terms of urea and creatinine kinetics is becoming better established (1 ,2). Weekly creatinine clearance of more than 50 L normalized to body surface area are currently recommended for minimally adequate dialysis. The delivery of an adequate peritoneal dialysis prescription is dependent on the compliance of the patient with that prescription. Keen et at. ...

CAPD patients given lercanidipine developed non-infective turbid peritoneal dialysis. Differential diagnosis of non-infectious cloudy peritoneal dialysate includes cellular causes (i.e. leucocyte, eosinophils, red cells and malign cells) and non-cellular causes (i.e. triglyceride and drugs) [2]. Yoshimoto et al. [1,3] reported that benidipine, manidipine, nisoldipine and nifedipine caused cloud...

This study investigated the disposition and bioavailability of ceftazidime when it was given intraperitoneally. Seven patients were given 1 gm of ceftazidime intravenously, and 1 wk later, the same dose was given intraperitoneally. After both intravenous and intraperitoneal dosing, serum and peritoneal dialysate samples were obtained at set time intervals over a 24-h period. High-performance li...

OBJECTIVES Peritoneal dialysis patients are at risk of glucose absorption from peritoneal dialysate, not only because of energy imbalance but also the toxic effects of high glucose. The current widely applied formulae may be not suitable for estimation of glucose absorption in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. This study examined the actual glucose absorption in a cohor...

Nonfermenting coryneform bacteria identified as Brevibacterium spp. were isolated from routine clinical specimens. Four strains were derived from peritoneal fluid and has presumably been involved in the pathogenesis of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis peritonitis. Another five isolates most probably represented skin contaminants. Cell wall and lipid analyses confirmed the genus identif...

We found chronic pneumoperitoneum in two continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients from two different hospitals. Both patients used the Stay.Safe® system and bicaVera solution, whose extension tubing is not primed with fluid but air-filled, unlike that of the conventional solution bags. This fact, together with a handling fault common to both patients, resulted in the inflow of the air...

An unusual case of peritonitis in a 61-year-old patient is reported where culture for bacteria and fungi were negative. Acanthamoeba was isolated and the patient was treated with Ceftazidine, Cefazolin, Levofloxacin, Fluconazole and Rifampicin with regular haemodialytic support. The patient was completely cured of the infection and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) fluid became c...

Peritonitis is a leading complication of chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. However, very rarely does Neisseria mucosa cause peritonitis. We describe an unusual case of N. mucosa peritonitis in a chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patient. A 28-year-old Hispanic male presents with diffuse abdominal pain exacerbated during draining of the peritoneal fluid. Peritoneal fluid examination w...

BACKGROUND In peritoneal dialysis, technique failure is an important metric to be considered. This study was performed in order to identify the relationship between trajectories of serum albumin levels and peritoneal dialysis technique failure on end-stage renal disease patients according to diabetic status. Furthermore, this study was performed to reveal predictors of serum albumin and techniq...