OBJECTIVES Clinical decision making requires 2 distinct cognitive skills: the ability to classify patients' conditions into diagnostic and management categories that permit the application of research evidence and the ability to individualize or-more specifically-to contextualize care for patients whose circumstances and needs require variation from the standard approach to care. The purpose of...

BACKGROUND Africa bears 24% of the global burden of disease but has only 3% of the world's health workers. Substantial variation in health worker performance adds to the negative impact of this significant shortfall. We therefore sought to identify interventions implemented in sub-Saharan African aiming to improve health worker performance and the contextual factors likely to influence local ef...

A rarely discussed but important issue in research on pragmatic inference is the choice of dependent measure for estimating the robustness of pragmatic inferences and their sensitivity to contextual manipulations. Here we present the results from three studies exploring the effect of contextual manipulations on scalar implicature. In all three studies we manipulate the salient question under di...

Contextual suggestion aims to provide a user with venues that are relevant to his/her preferences and context. Most existing approaches only take into account those two features in order to build their suggestion list. However, research in recommender systems recently stressed the importance of diversified suggestions. This paper introduces a novel model for contextual suggestion based on compo...

New communication technologies are changing the way travellers gossip and trade advice while on the road. This paper presents initial results from our studies of backpacker culture and identifies gaps where future technologies could assist backpackers in existing situations. Our research included contextual interviews with backpackers, tours of hostel accommodation, and reviews of online discus...

IT service management (ITSM) is of increasing significance to IT organizations, while at the same time information systems (IS) play a crucial role for many organizations around the world. Universities represent the first step for students to gain a qualification in the field of ITSM; as such, the university educates the future employees of IT organizations. This contribution describes the moti...

The Information Security Policy (ISP) of an organisation is expected to specify for employees their behaviour towards security, and the security ethos of the organisation. However, there are a wide range of opinions and expertise that should be considered by organisations when developing an ISP. This paper aims to identify the stakeholders that should be utilised in an ISP development process a...

Contextual advertising systems suggest suitable advertisings to users while surfing the Web. Focusing on text summarization, we propose novel techniques for contextual advertising. Comparative experiments between these techniques and existing ones have been performed.

The repeated configurations of random elements induce a better search performance than that of the displays of novel random configurations. The mechanism of such contextual cueing effect has been investigated through the use of the RT × Set Size function. There are divergent views on whether the contextual cueing effect is driven by attentional guidance or facilitation of initial perceptual pro...

We consider an extension of the contextual bandit setting, motivated by several practical applications, where an unlabeled history of contexts can become available for pre-training before the online decisionmaking begins. We propose an approach for improving the performance of contextual bandit in such setting, via adaptive, dynamic representation learning, which combines offline pre-training o...