after the suppression era and dissemination of democracy, delimiting government’s and guaranteeing public’s rights and liberties become the basis of codification of constitutional codes. in this respect, and according to principle of rule of law, the government obliged to do their determined obligations in law. the sanction of principle of rule of law is the responsibility of public representat...

The present study aimed to examine theposition of "Jurist Islam" discourses and "Liberal Islam"in the "Final Review of the Islamic Republic of Iran Constitution" in1979. And consider the conflict between the above-mentioned constitutionaldiscourses to gain a better understanding of these discourses and the constitution.To this aim, should find the point of the deba...

“Global health” is an increasingly important area of research and practice, concerned with the profound implications of globalisation for individual and communal health (particularly in developing countries) and focused on achieving health equity for all people worldwide. As such, it is often viewed as overlapping with public health and, thus, conceptually distinct from the field of biomedicine...

Based on Paul Feyerabend's distinction between guided and free exchange, the author argues that the accession of the post-communist states to the European Union took the form of the former kind, i.e. the form of communication where all participants in the process voluntarily embrace the meaning of law developed through inter-institutional discourse within the European Union. However, due to the...

This Note will analyze how and why political, social and international pressures affect the way predominately Muslim countries address the issue of religious veiling. Specifically, this piece will examine recent court cases in Tunisia, Turkey and Kosovo regarding the constitutionality of hijab bans in each respective state. Courts in Tunisia, Turkey and Kosovo have come to varied conclusions on...

Here we are at the 40th anniversary of the passage of the 1975 Medical Malpractice Act, Act 817.2 How time flies! Act 817 of 1975 lives and the Louisiana State Supreme Court has ruled the current law, a total cap on all damages with its 1984 amendment for unlimited future medical payments as incurred (La. Act 435 of 19843), constitutional in the Butler case previously cited in the 20-year anniv...

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For several years now, the Supreme Court has disquieted observers and commentators by reasserting the presence of constitutional limitations on national power resulting from the federal structure of the American political system. Although not quite amounting to a revolution in American constitutional law, the recent federalism cases are nonetheless striking. They are, of course, most remarkable...

INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1039 R I. THE PRIMARY JURISDICTION DOCTRINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1043 R II. CONSTITUTIONAL CONSTRAINTS IN FEDERAL-COURT LITIGATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1048 R A. Article III Constraints . . . . . . ...