Nearly all of us who participate in constitutional argument in subjective good faith share a second-order methodology of constitutional decision-making—that is, an approach to working out both our first-order theories of constitutional interpretation and our judgments about appropriate results in particular cases. That shared method involves a search for reflective equilibrium between our prior...

At some historical points, all classes and professions of a society, despite all the differences and disagreements, flow into one single stream to reach a higher goal. Iranians have had this historical experience many times throughout history: during the Constitutional Revolution (1905-1911), and also in the Islamic Revolution in 1979. In the Constitutional Revolution, all classes and professio...

10.1056/nejmp1204347 nejm.org e27(1) (ACA) before the Supreme Court, the most important issue before the Court may well be the constitutionality of the ACA’s Medicaid expansion. There are potential alternatives to the minimum-coverage requirement, but a finding that the Medicaid expansion is unconstitutional could threaten all federal spending programs that set minimum participation standards. ...

Recurring, site-specific chromosomal rearrangements are associated with several human syndromes and malignant disorders. Such nonrandom translocations involving chromosome 22 in band q11 are numerous and found to be associated with a diversity of neoplasms as well as constitutional disorders. Chromosome 11 in bands q23-q24 is similarly involved in several types of tumors as well as in a recurri...

An 83-year-old man with no relevant past history visited our emergency service for evaluation of asymptomatic nodular lesions on the right leg. The patient reported that the lesions had appeared 5 months earlier and had grown gradually, but that multiple similar lesions had suddenly started to appear close to the original lesions approximately 4 weeks earlier. The patient did not present consti...

In the latest volume of Bruce Ackerman’s We the People, he sets out to demonstrate that the Constitution has been legitimately amended by “unconventional” means, or by mechanisms other than the Article V amendment process. In making this argument, Ackerman offers a rich constitutional history of the Founding period, the Reconstruction era, and the New Deal. He successfully demonstrates that unc...