Epigenetics is one of the most rapidly expanding fields in the life sciences. Its rise is frequently framed as a revolutionary turn that heralds a new epoch both for gene-based epistemology and for the wider discourse on life that pervades knowledge-intensive societies of the molecular age. The fundamentals of this revolution remain however to be scrutinized, and indeed the very contours of wha...

From Brunelleschi's 1419 design for the dome of the Florence cathedral to the Ansari X-prize for space flight, competitions and prizes have long been used to stimulate scientific and technological advances. In computer science today, we see programming competitions and competitions to attack and defend system configurations. Can we construct a competition that will bring the energy, talent, and...

Over the last half decade, asset flows into hedge funds have surged, the number of funds has expanded exponentially, and new products have emerged which allow investors to obtain hedge fund exposure via structured transactions. To many, this is due to a paradigm shift in investment management and constitutes a modern financial revolution. However, to others, hedge funds are simply investment st...

The Mesozoic lacustrine revolution (MLR) represents a major evolutionary event in the continental realm (Cohen 2003 ). The decline in taxic diversity at the family level in lacustrine environments that took place during the late Paleozoic–Middle Triassic was reversed later in the Mesozoic, with diversifi cation seeming to have continued to the Quaternary, although potential biases may have affe...

We prove that the error term Λ(R) in the Weyl asymptotic formula #{En ≤ R } = VolM 4π R + Λ(R), for the Laplace operator on a surface of revolution M satisfying a twist hypothesis, has the form Λ(R) = RF (R) where F (R) is an almost periodic function of the Besicovitch class B, and the Fourier series of F (R) in B is ∑ γ A(γ) cos(|γ|R− φ) where the sum goes over all closed geodesics on M , and ...

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Change is part of life. Some changes are much discussed or even feared, with predictions that they will bring an end to the world as we know it. They seldom do. Contrary to these generalizations, however, there have been two major changes in Scotland in the past couple of years, arriving at the same time only by chance, as they are not linked in any way. They are both likely to have significant...

It is my honor and pleasure to speak at this conference in memory of Andrei Sakharov on the occasion of his 75th birthday. Even though I never met with Sakharov personally, I understand from my good friend Professor Fradkin that Sakharov expressed considerable interest in superstring theory during his exile in Gorky. I would have enjoyed discussing the subject with him, but after his return to ...