Vertical dense effluent discharges are popular in outfall system designs. jets provide the opportunity to be efficient for a range of ambient currents, where jet is pushed away so as not fall on itself. This study focuses worst-case scenario dilution and mixing such jets: vertical with no current, shallow water, impinges water surface. provides conservative design criteria systems. The numerica...

Direct probes for the QGP must be hard enough to resolve sub-hadronic scales (≪ Λ −1 QCD) and distinguish confined and deconfined media. This can be achieved by fast colour charges (jets) and heavy quark resonances (quarkonia). After a general survey, we study quarkonia as confinement probe and show in particular that confined matter is transparent, deconfined matter opaque to J/ψ's.

This work focuses on the prediction of turbulent flow in a Confined Impinging Jet Reactor using Large Eddy Simulation (LES). Three dimensional transient simulations were performed for various flow rates, ranging from quasi-steady laminar flow to unsteady turbulent flow. Predictions of the mean and fluctuating velocities were compared with micro Particle Image Velocimetry (mPIV) data. Good agree...

We perform the analog to "water bell" experiments with granular jets. Rebounding from cylindrical targets, wide granular jets produce sheets or cones with shapes that mimic a zero-surface-tension liquid. The jets' particulate nature appears when the number of particles in the cross section is decreased: the emerging structures broaden, gradually disintegrating into diffuse sprays. The experimen...

The growth of perturbations on the surface of a liquid jet has been sought to be the major mechanism behind liquid jet disintegration and atomization. The contributing factors to the initiation of disturbances are predominantly present in the nozzle interior in the form of pressure oscillations, turbulence and cavitation. These perturbations are further enhanced by the interaction of liquid jet...

the aim of this paper is to study the local nusselt number of the symmetrical liquid-liquid jets emitting from a nozzle. equations obtained from theoretical works are arranged in the form of a computerized model. the validity of this model was tested by the data from an experimental paper [1]. after few adjustments the model predicted the experimental data with a reasonable accuracy. making sur...