We have used an adaptive-optics scanning laser ophthalmoscope to image the cone photoreceptor mosaic throughout the central 10 degrees -12 degrees of the retina for four normal subjects. We then constructed montages of the images and processed the montages to determine cone locations. Cone densities range from approximately 10,000 cones/mm2 at 7 degrees to 40,000 cones/mm2 at 1 degrees . The sm...

We studied the effect of rod-cone interactions on mesopic visual reaction time (RT). Rod and cone photoreceptor excitations were independently controlled using a four-primary photostimulator. It was observed that (1) lateral rod-cone interactions increase the cone-mediated RTs; (2) the rod-cone interactions are strongest when rod sensitivity is maximal in a dark surround, but weaker with increa...

LLE Review, Volume 134 127 Introduction The cone-guided scheme for fast-ignition inertial confinement fusion (ICF)1,2 provides the potential of higher gains at lower total driver energy than conventional central hot-spot–ignition schemes. In this scheme, a spherical target with a hollow gold cone attached is first compressed by laser beams outside the cone and then ignited by a petawatt (PW) sh...

Tritan color-vision deficiency is an autosomal dominant disorder associated with mutations in the short-wavelength-sensitive- (S-) cone-pigment gene. An unexplained feature of the disorder is that individuals with the same mutation manifest different degrees of deficiency. To date, it has not been possible to examine whether any loss of S-cone function is accompanied by physical disruption in t...

Rod-specific photoreceptor dystrophies are complicated by the delayed death of genetically normal neighboring cones. In transgenic (Tg) swine with a rod-specific (rhodopsin) gene mutation, cone photoreceptor physiology was normal for months but later declined, consistent with delayed cone cell death. Surprisingly, cone postreceptoral function was markedly abnormal when cone photoreceptor physio...

In this paper we show that by renorming an ordered Banach space, every cone P can be converted to a normal cone with constant K = 1 and consequently due to this approach every cone metric space is really a metric one and every theorem in metric space is valid for cone metric space automatically.

An electroretinographic response of the human short wavelength (S) cone system can be distinguished from that of the longer wavelength (L or M) cone system by using ganzfeld short-wavelength stimulation at relatively high levels of retinal adaptation. The S cone response has both an a- and b-wave component in its ERG, both of which are slower than those of the L or M cone response at the same l...

In understanding the basis of the changes in human color vision across eccentricity, one key piece of information remains unknown, whether the relative cone weights of the two cone opponent mechanisms vary. Here we measure detection threshold contours within three planes in a 3-dimensional cone contrast space to reveal the L, M and S-cone weights to the two cone opponent mechanisms, L/M and S/(...

We investigate the completely positive semidefinite cone CS+, a new matrix cone consisting of all n×n matrices that admit a Gram representation by positive semidefinite matrices (of any size). In particular, we study relationships between this cone and the completely positive and the doubly nonnegative cone, and between its dual cone and trace positive non-commutative polynomials. We use this n...

We discuss the light-cone quantization of gauge theories from two perspectives: as a calculational tool for representing hadrons as QCD bound-states of relativistic quarks and gluons, and also as a novel method for simulating quantum field theory on a computer. The light-cone Fock state expansion of wavefunctions at fixed light cone time provides a precise definition of the parton model and a g...