When arteries are excised, they collapse and shorten spontaneously, which can result in damage to the endothelium. To determine if an intact endothelial cell layer could be preserved in excised vessels, we isolated and cannulated rat carotid artery segments (in situ length, Lis, 10-20 mm) at both ends while maintaining both transmural pressure (70 mm Hg) and Lis, while either transmural pressur...

Background: Hypertension is considered an independent risk factor for cardiovascular mortality in diabetic patients. The present study was designed to determine the role of gamma amino butyric acid B (GABAB) receptor and L-arginine (L-Arg) in GABA-induced vasorelaxation in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat vessels. Methods: Diabetes was induced by a single i.p. injection of strepto...

To apply accurate and uniform osmotic pressures to liposomes, they can be formed using the spontaneous transfer method in solutions with different osmolarities. The majority of liposomes unexpectedly opened large holes (several micrometers in diameter) in response to the osmotic pressure regardless of its strength, that is, the difference between the outside and inside solute (sucrose or KCl) c...

Introduction: The present study used a histological evaluation method to examine the effects of pentoxifylline (PTX) on healing an experimentally-induced pressure sore in a rat model. Materials and Methods: There were 36 adult male rats used in this study. Under general anesthesia and sterile conditions, we used forceps to create one pressure sore on each rat. A double layer of folded skin...

Methods 24 post-operative cardiac patients were prospectively enrolled. Arterial pressure and central venous pressure was measured invasively. Cardiac output (CO) was measured with a non-calibrated LiDCOplus monitor (LiDCO, Cambridge). Pmsf was measured using the stop-flow arterial venous equilibrium pressure method (1). Sublingual microcirculation was recorded with CytoCam (Braedius Medical, A...

The gas molecules appear to have zero average velocity in the rest frame of the pressure vessel, so it appears that they have zero average momentum in this frame. Of course, the gas molecules exert a force F = AP on a portion of area A of the wall of the pressure vessel, and since force equals the time rate of change of momentum, we can say that the gas can transmit momentum without possessing ...

Freeze casting of composite PIM-1 and activated carbon hydrogen adsorbent monoliths, from chloroform, toward high-strength pressure vessel inserts.