Standards have been deeply studied in economics in order to assure a certain quality of service in bilateral contracts. More specifically, in multi-agent systems performance standards may be used in order to articulate contracts among partners in environments dealing with uncertainty. However, little effort has been made on defining how standards are created and, what is more important, how to ...

A fundamental challenge for any process-aware information system is to ensure compliance of modeled and executed business processes with imposed compliance rules stemming from guidelines, standards and laws. Such compliance rules usually refer to multiple process perspectives including control flow, data, time, and resources as well as interactions with business partners. On one hand, complianc...

Use of the cloud clearly brings with it major privacy concerns. Whilst a range of technical solutions, including use of one of the many variants of homomorphic encryption, potentially enable these concerns to be addressed, in practice such complex privacy enhancing technologies are not widely used. Instead, cloud users, including both individuals and organisations, rely in practice on contractu...

We present a framework for access control of standard-compliant video bitstreams for entertainment purposes. The approach leverages well-known encryption algorithms and maintains standard-compliance of the encrypted bitstream. The standard compliance feature guarantees the inheritance of the error resiliency properties of the video compression standards, and works with many existing network ban...

This paper uses laboratory experiments to test theoretical predictions concerning compliance behavior in competitive emissions trading programs. We test the hypotheses that both the violations of competitive risk neutral firms and the marginal effectiveness of increased enforcement across firms are independent of differences in their benefits from emissions (abatement costs) and their initial p...

A regulator, seeking to maximize net benefits, must choose between rules and standards and then set a level of care. The regulated agents have private information about their compliance costs. Rules are set ex ante, so agents know the required level of care. Standards are established after agents have taken initial actions, in anticipation of the regulating bureau’s directive. Those actions all...

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common and important clinical problem in children. Follow up imaging is indicated in some cases to reduce the risk of long-term harm from UTI and sometimes to help guide acute management. Overuse of imaging may be harmful due to radiation exposure, as well as increasing demand on services and budgets. On the other hand under-use of imaging may leave children v...

Formal methods tools can be used to detect and prevent errors so researchers assume that industry will use them. We are often frustrated when we see industrial projects where tools could have been used to detect or prevent errors in the final product. Researchers often fail to realize that there is a significant gap between aa potentially useful tool and its use in a standards compliant, commer...

With the proliferation of computer-driven organizations and internet-based business information systems, the need for security has increased significantly. In addition, information security compliance is becoming a controversial issue among IT professionals. This paper aims to address the concerns arising from compatibility of security standards, compliance cost, certification approval and huma...