Parasitized individuals are often expected to be poor competitors because they are weakened by infections. Many trematode species, however, although extensively exploiting their mollusc hosts, also induce gigantism (increased host size) by diverting host resources towards growth instead of reproduction. In such systems, alternatively to reduced competitive ability due to negative effects of par...

The purpose of this study was to find solutions for problems related to the cooperation performance when connected with Strategic competitive advantage. This study was theoretical review, especially about the effect of Strategic competitive advantage on the cooperation performance. Competitive advantage is the ability of a company to achieve economic benefits in respect of the profits that can ...

The ecological principle of competitive exclusion states that species competing for identical resources cannot coexist, but this principle is paradoxical because ecologically similar competitors are regularly observed. Coexistence is possible under some conditions if a fluctuating environment changes the competitive dominance of species. This change in competitive dominance implies the existenc...