Caffeine is said to have, non-specific arousal enhancing effects and specific cognitive effects (Van der Stelt & Snel, 1993, 1998). If true, especially in states of fatigue the energising effects of caffeine should be found more prominently. The antihypnoid or fatigue compensating effects of moderate amounts of caffeine, appear to be caused predominantly by the blocking of inhibitory adenosine ...

In the iron and steel industry, electric arc furnaces (EAFs) are used in melting refining process of metals. They known to demand large amounts reactive power cause significant quality (PQ) problems due their highly non-linear time varying voltage-current characteristic. Several EAF models have been proposed with purpose predict voltage current waveforms, assess performance different compensati...

Low-frequency oscillations have been reported in several weak-grids-connected voltage-source-converter(VSC) systems. Although efforts devoted to understanding the parametric and sensitivity impact of VSC controller gains, a general formulation oscillation mechanism is still missing. Using transfer function dynamic modelling approach, we find that outer loop active power control's bandwidth main...

This paper presents an advanced dynamic voltage restorer with integrated energy optimal compensation (EOC-DVR), which combines the advantages of pre-sag and minimization compensation. The performance parameters EOC-DVR, such as compensatory capability, loss energy, duration compensation, can be balanced by this strategy. Additionally, impact on load is further reduced proposed method. By analyz...

Abstract The paper presents the results of strain-effect studies in diode structures with Schottky barrier made on basis n-Si<P> and n-Si<P,Ni> resistivities 102 - 105 Ohm·cm under all-round hydrostatic pressure. It is shown that as resistivity base area increases, its rectifying properties worsens. was found worse property surface not due to presence compensating impurities, but de...

In this paper we briefly review the work on dispersion compensating fibers (DCFs) in the last few years. Starting with the basic principle behind DCF, its need for upgrading the 1310 nm optical fiber links is discussed. The experimental and theoretical results of some researchers have been cited. The latest trend in optical communication has been to use dense wavelength division multiplexed (DW...

Food web interactions allow communities to compensate for the loss of species. Compensation of this kind may reshuffle communities so that today's resilient species are tomorrow's vulnerable species, creating a false impression of ecosystem stability following the first wave of extinction.

With significant development of power converter technologies, there has been a rise of interest in an active power filter (AF). It is now well known that an active filter can easily compensate for harmonic current contents in the load current by inserting negative harmonics into the power network [B3]-[B10]. Basic principle of an active harmonic compensation is shown in Fig. 2.1. The AF can can...