<p>Throughout the history of their development, Caucasian languages encountered many other languages, all which left traces, through also genetic and areal connections can be traced. Persian, Arabic, Georgian, Russian, Turkic borrowings have been subjects to detailed studies, but earlier period language contact has generally not covered. This study is devoted search for traces Hebrew voca...

[7-bit encoding, transliteration] We propose a general strategy for deriving 7-bit encodings for texts in languages which use an alphabetic non-Roman script, like Arabic, Persian, Sanskrit and many other Indic scripts, and for which there is some transliteration convention using Roman letters with additional diacritical marks. These schemes, which we will call \meta-transliterations", are based...

arabic languages is not a foreign language for us as iranins is the language of our religion and islamic culture. thus to protect our religion and culture. we should learn it. because arabic is not our native language. so one way to learn it is through the comparison and contrast of structure and grammatical points of arabic and persian. this issue is very helpful in translating a text. this ar...

badr shakir al- sayyab)1926-1964)the iraqi poet ,known as the pioneer of new movement in arabic poetry, is famous for his extensive use of symbols and myths in his works ,some of which are related to apocalyptic views. in modern persian literature forough farrokhzad )1313-1345( is considered one of the most prominent poets in the realm of apocalyptic literature. the present article , a descript...

background: the jefferson scale of attitude toward physician-nurse collaboration (jsapnc) has been used to measure the attitude regarding collaboration between nurses and physicians. the aim of this preliminary study was to test the reliability and validity of an arabic version of the questionnaire and adapt it for use in palestine. methods: forward-backward translation of guidelines provided i...

â  â  â  resistance manifestations in mozafar al nawwab’s poems â  â  â  * hasan dadkhah â  naser tabe` jabery ** â  â  â  abstract â  â  a mixture of political views and resistance literature is so visible in the poems of some contemporary arab poets that they are known as resistance poets. mozafar al nawwab, the contemporary iraqi poet, is one of them. nawwab grew up in a noble and gentle s...