This study questions a common practice of using item weights for construct validity tests in the application of formative measurement. The practice does not confirm to the theoretical formation of formative constructs. A Monte Carlo simulation analysis is conducted to examine the practice. The results clearly demonstrate that item weights do not reflect the true design of the focal formative co...

Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) as a non-parametric method for efficiency measurement allows decision making units (DMUs) to select the most advantageous weight factors in order to maximize their efficiency scores.  In most practical applications of DEA presented in the literature, the presented models assume that all inputs are fully desirable. However, in many real situations undesirable inpu...

Supply chain management is the combination of art and science that goes into improving the supply chain. In some cases of supply chain especially two-stage process, differing weights for the same factors, may not acceptable. The purpose of this paper is a performance evaluation of two-stage using DEA and based on a CSW model and this method for ranking two-stage and could be used to measure the...

Abstract Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) models give each decision making unit freedom to assign values the input-output weights maximising its efficiency score. However, there is no guarantee that optimal obtained from a DEA model are always positive which poses problem, in both theory and practice. This paper offers new linear programming deal with zero problem without restricting or placing ...

We investigated ability to understand goals and attribute intentions in the context of two imitation studies in low-functioning, nonverbal children with autism (L-F CWA), a population that is rarely targeted by research in the domain. Down syndrome children (DSC) and typically developing children (TDC) were recruited to form matched comparison groups. In the two sets of simple action demonstrat...

Gas chromatography (GC) is used for organic and inorganic gas detection with a range of applications including screening for chemical warfare agents (CWA), breath analysis for diagnostics or law enforcement purposes, and air pollutants/indoor air quality monitoring of homes and commercial buildings. A field-portable, light weight, low power, rapid response, micro-gas chromatography (μGC) system...

The Closed-World Assumption (CWA) on databases expresses that an atom not in the database is false. A more appropriate assumption for databases that are sound but partially incomplete, is the Local ClosedWorld Assumption (LCWA), which is a local form of the CWA, expressing that the database is complete in a certain area, called the ‘window of expertise’. Databases consisting of a standard datab...

Enterprise/Corporate ontologies are specifications of information of business enterprises. Semantic peculiarities of ASP, like the Closed World Assumption (CWA) and the Unique Name Assumption (UNA), are more appropriate than OWL assumptions for enterprise ontologies, also because these ontologies often are the evolution of relational databases, where both CWA and UNA are adopted. In this paper ...

The prooles of H in a number of cool Ap stars are anomalous. Broad wings, indicative of temperatures in the range 7000-8000K end abruptly in narrow cores. The widths of these cores are compatible with those of dwarfs with temperatures of 6000K or lower. This pro-le has been known for Przybylski's star, but it is seen in other cool Ap's. The H proole in several of these stars shows a similar cor...