PURPOSE To describe the self-reported ambient cold exposure in northern Sweden and to relate the level of cumulative cold exposure to the occurrence of sensory and vascular hand symptoms. We hypothesize that cold exposure is positively related to reporting such symptoms. METHODS A questionnaire about cold exposure and related symptoms was sent out to 35,144 subjects aged 18-70 years and livin...

Inhalation of cold air (-20°C) for four minutes provoked angina pectoris in four of 17 coronary disease patients at rest and in four of seven of the patients while they were paced at a heart rate level which was subanginal at room temperature. The cold air did not increase myocardial 02 consumption significantly, and the accompanying changes in systemic hemodynamic factors known to influence my...

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been proposed to play important roles in gene regulation. However, their importance in epigenetic silencing and how specificity is determined remain controversial. We have investigated the cold-induced epigenetic switching mechanism involved in the silencing of Arabidopsis thaliana Flowering Locus C (FLC), which occurs during vernalization. Antisense transcrip...

OBJECTIVE To present recommendations for the prevention, recognition, and treatment of environmental cold injuries. BACKGROUND Individuals engaged in sport-related or work-related physical activity in cold, wet, or windy conditions are at risk for environmental cold injuries. An understanding of the physiology and pathophysiology, risk management, recognition, and immediate care of environmen...

In this investigation, a parametric study was performed using the transient cold-start model presented in our previous paper, in which the ice melting process and additional constitutive relations were newly included for transient cold-start simulations of polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) from a sub-zero temperature (-20°C) to a normal operating temperature (80°C). The focus is placed on ...

OBJECTIVE This study investigated whether short episodes of sickness absence were associated with job satisfaction. PARTICIPANTS 199 wage earners who reported sick due to the common cold between January 2003 and April 2003. METHODS Job satisfaction was assessed on the first day of sickness absence and associated with the duration of sickness absence using a multiple logistic regression mode...

Cold is a typical environmental risk factor in outdoor work in northern regions. It should be taken into account in a company's occupational safety, health and quality systems. A development process for improving cold risk management at the Finnish Maritime Administration (FMA) was carried out by FMA and external experts. FMA was to implement it. Three years after the development phase, the out...

In a cold boot attack a cryptosystem is compromised by analysing a noisy version of its internal state. For instance, if a computer is rebooted the memory contents are rarely fully reset; instead, after the reboot an adversary might recover a noisy image of the old memory contents and use it as a stepping stone for reconstructing secret keys. While such attacks were known for a long time, they ...

The Internet of Things (IoT) aims at interconnecting everyday objects (including both things and users) and then using this connection information to provide customized user services. However, IoT does not work in its initial stages without adequate acquisition of user preferences. This is caused by cold-start problem that is a situation where only few users are interconnected. To this end, we ...

Adjacent parallel hot-wire anemometers at different temperatures have sometimes been used to measure fluctuating temperatures in turbulent flows. This work presents an extensive experimental comparison of temperatures measured with a parallel-wire probe to temperatures simultaneously measured with a standard cold-wire probe. The results show the parallel-wire probe to work well in low intensity...