human papilloma virus (hpv) infection is a very common infection of skin and mucosa of children and adults (1- 6).anogenital warts are a common type of hpv infection in sexually active adults, however it is seen in any age. the importance of presence of genital warts is different between adults and children in respect to differential diagnosis, associations, complications and also treatment opt...

IMPORTANCE Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is used extensively to treat actinic keratoses(AKs). An analysis of the effectiveness of PDT compared with other treatments may help physicians decide what role it should play in their own clinical practices.OBJECTIVE To determine the effectiveness of PDT for the treatment of AKs relative to other methods.DATA SOURCES MEDLINE, EMBASE,Web of Knowledge, and C...

Cryotherapy has been shown to reduce the unfavourable outcome in retinopathy of prematurity with stage 3 threshold disease by 50%. In a prospective study cryotherapy had a favourable outcome in 13 of 24 eyes with stage 3 threshold disease. The visual outcome, refraction, and complications of cryotherapy are discussed.

OBJECTIVE: Arthrogenic muscle inhibition (AMI) is a presynaptic, ongoing reflex inhibition of joint musculature after distension or damage to the joint. The extent to which therapeutic interventions affect AMI is unknown. The purpose of this study was to verify that the vastus medialis (VM) is inhibited using the knee joint effusion model and to investigate the effects of cryotherapy and transc...

Objectives. The aim of this review was to investigate whether alternating hot–cold water treatment is a legitimate training tool for enhancing athlete recovery. A number of mechanisms are discussed to justify its merits and future research directions are reported. Alternating hot–cold water treatment has been used in the clinical setting to assist in acute sporting injuries and rehabilitation p...

AIMS To compare the refractive error 1 to 3 years after cryotherapy or diode laser treatment for threshold retinopathy of prematurity. METHODS Twenty six infants treated with diode laser and 17 infants treated with cryotherapy underwent cycloplegic refraction during follow up. RESULTS After 3 years of follow up, 94.1% of patients had myopia (right eye if bilateral) following cryotherapy and...

1. Gage AA, Meenaghan MA, Natiella JR, Green GW Jr. Sensitivity of pigmented mucosa and skin to freezing injury. Cryobiology 1979; 16: 348 ± 361. 2. Zouboulis ChC. Principles of cutaneous cryosurgery: an update. Dermatology 1999; 198: 111 ± 117. 3. Almond-Roesler B, Zouboulis ChC. Milde Kryochirurgie zur Behandlung aktinischer Lentigines. Allergologie 1999; 21: 420 ± 421. 4. Stern RS, Dover JS,...

The purpose of this controlled trial was to investigate the effects of a single local cryotherapy session on the recovery characteristics over a period of 72 hours. Twenty-two young and healthy female (n=17; mean age: 21.9±1.1 years) and male (n=5;mean age: 25.4±2.8 years) adults participated in this study. Following an exhaustive jump protocol (3×30 countermovement jumps), half of the particip...