Abstract Objective Primary dystonia is conventionally seen as a motor disorder, though growing literature indicates cognitive dysfunction among persons with primary (PWD). Here, we completed meta-analysis comparing cognition on clinical measures between PWD and normal controls. Method We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, PsycINFO using uniform search-strategy to locate original...

Theories of brain function have evolved through multiple stages. The first proposition was that brain networks support a set of reflex responses, with current sensory inputs producing immediate motor outputs. The behaviorist paradigm suggested that actions can always be explained as a response to immediate external cues. In response to these views, the cognitive paradigm argued that behavior ca...

Many studies have demonstrated that the sensory and motor systems are activated during conceptual processing. Such results have been interpreted as indicating that concepts, and important aspects of cognition more broadly, are embodied. That conclusion does not follow from the empirical evidence. The reason why is that the empirical evidence can equally be accommodated by a 'disembodied' view o...

Design-based learning (DBL) has many affordances for promoting deep and lasting learning of both content and complex skills. However, careful orchestration and scaffolding are usually needed to achieve its full potential. In this paper, we describe our efforts at implementing a software suite to meet the cognitive and meta-cognitive needs of learners engaged in DBL. In Study 1, our software sui...

memory is the cognitive ability that allows acquiring, store and recalling information. anterior thalamic dysfunction creates memory deficits in rats and humans. anterior thalamus forms a memory network in connection with the hippocampus. this connectivity profile proposes that ventrolateral and anterior thalamus may display a nexus between reminder and control functions, such as action or atte...

objective: the present study aimed to determine the effect of reminiscence on cognitive status and memory of a sample of elderly people who lived in aged day centers in golestan province, iran. methods: this study was a semi-experimental research. the subjects consisted of 45 elderly people who referred to the aged day centers of golestan province. each four groups of 45 aged subjects (4 groups...

background: many patients with parkinson diseases are faced with constant attention disorders and evaluation of these disorders in these patients is important. methods : a cross-sectional study was conducted on 80 patients with parkinson disease and 80 healthy iranian people aged 40 to 70. all participants in the two groups of healthy and patients were examined by neurologists and psychiatrists...

Designing, building, and experimenting with physical simulation models are central problem-solving practices in the engineering sciences. Model-based simulation is an epistemic activity that includes exploration, generation and testing of hypotheses, explanation, and inference. This paper argues that to interpret and understand how these simulation models function in creating knowledge and tech...