Objective(s): The latest single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/computed tomography (CT) reconstruction system, referred to as xSPECT Bone™, is a context-specific reconstruction system utilizing tissue segmentation information from CT data, which is called a zone map. The aim of this study was to evaluate theeffects of zone-map enhancement incorporated into the ordered-subset conjug...

BACKGROUND Analysis of gene expression in peripheral blood samples is increasingly being applied in biomarker studies of disease diagnosis and prognosis. Although knowledge of interindividual and interethnic variation in gene expression is required to set ethnicity-specific reference intervals and to select reference genes and preferred markers from a list of candidate genes, few studies have a...

Spiking characteristics of neurons in the middle temporal (MT) area and the medial superior temporal (MST) area in the visual cortex of a monkey are compared with the ones in the principal sulcus (PS) area in the prefrontal cortex. The comparison is based on the basis of three inter-spike interval statistical measures: the coefficient of variation (CV), the skewness coefficient (SK) and the cor...

The aims of this study were to examine familiarization and reliability associated with a 40-m maximal shuttle run test (40-m MST), and to compare performance measures from the test with those of a typical unidirectional multiple sprint running test (UMSRT). 12 men and 4 women completed four trials of the 40-m MST (8 × 40-m; 20 s rest periods) followed by one trial of a UMSRT (12 × 30-m; repeate...

A rigorous understanding of brain dynamics and function requires a conceptual bridge between multiple levels of organization, including neural spiking and network-level population activity. Mounting evidence suggests that neural networks of cerebral cortex operate at a critical regime, which is defined as a transition point between two phases of short lasting and chaotic activity. However, desp...

Introduction The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in cats is increasing. It has been proposed that fasting concentrations of insulin and glucose can be used for screening of reduced insulin sensitivity in cats. Reduced insulin sensitivity may indicate that cats are at risk of developing DM and motivate early preventive actions such as weight reduction and change of diet. To correctly interp...

Previous studies have shown that a subset of neurons in the rat anterodorsal thalamus discharge as a function of the animal's head direction (HD) in the horizontal plane, independent of the animal's location and behavior. These cells have consistent firing properties across a wide range of conditions and cell discharge appears highly regular when listened to through a loudspeaker. In contrast, ...