A study of the aerobic degradation of beet molasses alcoholic fermentation wastewater diluted to 50% (chemical oxygen demand, COD: 82 g/l) was carried out using the following fungi: Penicillium sp., Penicillium decumbens , Penicillium lignorum and Aspergillus niger . These four microorganisms produce a decolorization of the wastewater from the first day of incubation, achieving the maximum deco...

Renal tubular fluid in the distal nephron of the kidney is supersaturated with calcium oxalate (CaOx), which crystallizes in the tubules as either calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) or calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD). Kidney stones are aggregates, most commonly containing microcrystals of COM as the primary inorganic constituent. Stones also contain small amounts of embedded proteins, which are ...

The effects of amount and type of dietary fish proteins on plasma and liver cholesterol concentrations were evaluated in female rats. The isonitrogenous diets used contained 10 g cholesterol/kg and were carefully balanced for residual fat, cholesterol, Ca, Mg and P in the protein preparations. Cod meal, soya-bean protein or casein was incorporated into the diets as the only source of dietary pr...

How genomic selection enables species to adapt to divergent environments is a fundamental question in ecology and evolution. We investigated the genomic signatures of local adaptation in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) along a natural salinity gradient, ranging from 35‰ in the North Sea to 7‰ within the Baltic Sea. By utilizing a 12 K SNPchip, we simultaneously assessed neutral and adaptive gene...

The effect of organic loading rate (OLR) on a pressurized anaerobic filter was studied in a laboratory two-phase anaerobic digestion system. The anaerobic filter was operated successively at two working pressures (9 bar and 1.5 bar). The OLR(COD) for each pressure was increased from 5 to 17.5 kg·m·day. The best performance of the reactor at 9 bar was observed at OLR(COD) of 12.5 kg·m·day and hy...

Fish-meal factories generate waste waters with high chemical oxygen demand (COD), suspended solids (SS), fats and protein concentrations. After their treatment by anaerobic digestion, effluents with high ammoniaand organic-nitrogen contents and a fraction of residual COD are produced. A biological nitrification/denitrification process is proposed to reduce both the residual carbon and the nitro...

With rising environmental concerns on potable water safety and eutrophication, increased media attention and tighter environmental regulations, managing animal waste in an environmentally responsible and economically feasible way can be a challenge. In this study, the possibility of using granular anammox process for ammonia removal from swine waste treatment water was investigated. A rapid dec...

Increasing numbers of hatchery-produced fish entering marine environments has caused concern over potential fitness depressions in wild populations, yet no study has addressed the likelihood of hybridisation between farmed and wild marine fish. Escape rates of Atlantic cod Gadus morhua L. from commercial net pens have been substantial and there is a risk of interbreeding between depleted local ...

The Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) is a migratory gadid found on both sides of the North Atlantic. In the Northwest Atlantic, cod are distributed nearly continuously along the continental shelf from Greenland to North Carolina, spawning in relatively discrete, temporally stable areas, and different regions are regarded as different management units defined primarily by latitude and bathymetry (Ruz...

−A biomaterial was successfully synthesized from Plantago ovata by using an FeCl3-induced crude extract (FCE). The potential of FCE to act as a natural coagulant was tested for the pretreatment of real textile wastewater. Tests were performed to evaluate the effects of FCE quantity, salt concentration, and wastewater pH on chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction during a coagulation/flocculation...