Short $\gamma$-ray burst (sGRB) jets form in the aftermath of a neutron star merger, drill through disk winds and dynamical ejecta, extend over four to five orders magnitude distance before breaking out ejecta. We present first 3D general-relativistic magnetohydrodynamic sGRB simulations span this enormous scale separation. They feature three possible outcomes: jet+cocoon, cocoon, neither. Typi...

Owing to the growing global environmental problems, demands for environmentally friendly, fully biodegradable sustainable composites have substantially increased across various industries. Inspired by the composite structure of cocoon silk, we fabricated a fully green composite fiber (GCF) that is based on the lotus fiber (LF) and a biodegradable polymer, namely poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). After...

The Indian sericulture industry is beset with many problems. One of the main problems is the inability to produce quality silk of international grade. The quality silk can be produced only form bivoltines. The bulk of silk produced in India is from Multivoltines which are of inferior quality. Therefore, it is highly pertinent to have more productive bivoltine silkworm breeds capable of producin...

This study investigates the influence of microclimate factors on uniformity silk thickness and explores application a mechatronic system for optimal control maintenance. As environmental conditions vary daily seasonal basis, managing temperature relative humidity becomes crucial consistent cocoon production. The review delves into significant role in growth development silkworms, highlighting p...

Effective antimicrobial strategies are essential adaptations of insects to protect themselves, their offspring, and their foods from microbial pathogens and decomposers. Larvae of the emerald cockroach wasp, Ampulex compressa, sanitize their cockroach hosts, Periplaneta americana, with a cocktail of nine antimicrobials comprising mainly (R)-(-)-mellein and micromolide. The blend of these antimi...

A caterpillar is a tree which metamorphoses into a path when its cocoon of endpoInt\ is removed. The number of nonisomorphic caterpillars with n + 4 points is 2n + 2 [n/21 . This neat formula is proved in two ways: first, as a special caoe of an application of Pblya’s enumerration theorem which counts graphs with integer-weightell points; secondly, 3y an appropriate labeling of the lines of the...

The cocoons surrounding powerful radio sources can be extensive if the jet that feeds the cocoon is light and supersonic. They have been shown to remain overpressured with respect to the ambient medium for most of the life time of the sources. The observed lobes of the radio sources form parts of these extensive cocoons. We show that observations of the lobes of giant radio sources allow one to...