Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease, transmitted by species of phlebotomus vectors of the genus Lutzomyia and is responsible for over 1500 yearly cases in Ecuador. Vector collection studies in Ecuador suggest an association between the ecological diversity of an ecosystem, presence of reservoir host and the abundance of sand y species. Data collected in a Coastal community suggest tha...

The behavior of siliciclastic coastal systems is largely controlled by the interplay between accommodation creation and infilling. Factors responsible for altering sediment fluxes to along open-ocean coasts include cross-shore mobilization primarily from tidal currents storms as well changes in alongshore transport rates moderated changing wave conditions, river inputs, artificial shoreline har...

PURPOSE: The Coastal and Hydraulics Engineering Technical Note (CHETN) herein describes a method for estimating the percentage of sand-sized material placed in suspension by breaking waves and carried by a cross-channel current to either fall into a navigation channel or travel across it. Required inputs are channel width and depth, depth in the vicinity of the channel, depth-averaged current v...

The study of mechanisms that allow the formation of structures such as sand dunes and ripples at the bottom of a fluid flow plays a crucial role in the understanding of coastal dynamics. The modeling of these phenomena is particularly complex since we must not only solve the Navier-Stokes or Saint-Venant equations with equation for sediment transport, but also take into account the evolution of...

The R package ipdw provides functions for interpolation of georeferenced point data via Inverse Path Distance Weighting. Useful for coastal marine applications where barriers in the landscape preclude interpolation with Euclidean distances. This method of interpolation requires significant computation and is only practical for relatively small and coarse grids. The ipdw implementation may provi...

A new species of spiral ginger (Costus: Costaceae) from Gabon, Africa is described. Costus loangensis H. Maas & Maas is found in the coastal region on white sand soils under a tropical rain forest canopy. It is morphologically distinct from all other African species of Costus but shows some similarities in floral form with the savanna-inhabiting Costus spectabilis (Fenzl) K. Schum. and similari...

Land surface emissivity (LSE) in the thermal infrared depends mainly on the ground cover and on changes in soil moisture. The LSE is a critical variable that affects the prediction accuracy of geophysical models requiring land surface temperature as an input, highlighting the need for an accurate derivation of LSE. The primary aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that diurnal changes in...

There is accumulating evidence that the degree of vagility explains little of the extent of population subdivision found within elasmobranch species. Instead, patterns of gene flow in elasmobranchs appear more closely linked to the presence of dispersal barriers, either physical or biological. Here, we investigate the potential role of some of these isolating mechanisms in shaping the populatio...

In this study, natural bentonite was used as natural clay material and samples were taken from the Kalecik district in Ankara. In this research, bentonite is the subject of an analysis from standpoint of assessing the basic properties of engineered barriers with respect to the buffer material. Bentonite and sand mixtures were prepared for tests. Some of clay minerals give relatively higher hydr...

Despite being a harsh environment, sand dunes are rich in invertebrates, with about 30% (188 species) of the British spider fauna represented (Duffey, 1968), and 53 species being strongly associated with coasts (Ratcliffe, 1977). Arachnologists have examined spider communities in relation to the seral succession of plant communities on sand dunes (e.g. Lowrie, 1948; Barnes, 1953; Perttula, 1984...