The below-ground CO2 concentration in some crusted soils or flooded fields is usually ten or hundred times larger than the normal levels. Recently, a large number of studies have focused on elevated CO2 in the atmosphere; however, only few have examined the influence of elevated root zone CO2 on plant growth and vegetation succession. In the present study, a closed-air CO2 enrichment (CACE) sys...

Soils vary widely in mineral nutrient availability and physical characteristics, but the influence of this variability on plant responses to elevated CO2 remains poorly understood. As a first approximation of the effect of global soil variability on plant growth response to CO2, we evaluated the effect of CO2 on tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) grown in soils representing 10 of the 12 global s...

We have previously demonstrated a pulsed direct detection IPDA lidar to measure range and the column concentration of atmospheric CO2. The lidar measures the atmospheric backscatter profiles and samples the shape of the 1,572.33 nm CO2 absorption line. We participated in the ASCENDS science flights on the NASA DC-8 aircraft during August 2011 and report here lidar measurements made on four flig...

O2 diving incidents investigated by our laboratory were related to improper filling of the soda lime canister in closed-circuit oxygen rebreathers. We studied the effect of overfilling or underfilling the canister on CO2 absorption using a continuous flow of 5% CO2. With a full canister in the Oxyger 57, CO2 began to rise at 130-160 min, reaching 1% at 240 min and 1.5% at 270 min. Similar resul...

The influence of seawater carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration on the size distribution of suspended particles (2–60μm) and on phytoplankton abundance was investigated during a mesocosm experiment at the large scale facility (LFS) in Bergen, Norway, in the frame of the Pelagic Ecosystem CO2 Enrichment study (PeECE II). In nine outdoor enclosures the partial pressure of CO2 in seawater was modifie...

Recent studies of ice cores from Greenland and Antarctica have proven that both temperature and CO2 content of the earth’s atmosphere followed a regular 100,000 year cycle of change and that they are closely correlated. Moreover, the observed increase of CO2 in the atmosphere exceeds the predicted values extrapolated from historical data. Other than industrialization and rapid urbanization, geo...

The short and long-term responses of flag leaf stomatal conductance (gs) and rate of photosynthesis (An) to elevated CO2 (757 μmol mol), 4 oC warmer temperatures and N supply were investigated in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Alcalá) crops grown in two seasons in field conditions under temperature gradient tunnels, in a Mediterranean environment. Plants grown at elevated CO2 had lower ...

UNLABELLED A fast emerging technique for studying human resting state networks (RSNs) is based on spontaneous temporal fluctuations in neuronal oscillatory power, as measured by magnetoencephalography. However, it has been demonstrated recently that this power is sensitive to modulations in arterial CO2 concentration. Arterial CO2 can be modulated by natural fluctuations in breathing pattern, a...

agriculture is to feed the world’s burgeoning population, yields of water-limited crops must be improved substanYield of water-limited crops is determined by crop water use and tially. Efforts to accomplish this have concentrated on by plant water use efficiency, each of which will be affected by the anticipated rise in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration increasing the fraction of a...