Background Cardiac dysfunction is often associated with a shift in substrate preference and metabolism, but current in vivo techniques only provide information on substrate uptake. Hyperpolarized (HP) MR has the unique ability to detect metabolism in vivo and is highly specific. To evaluate the prospects for measuring myocardial substrate selection in vivo, HP [1-C]pyruvate and [1-C] butyrate w...

An implicit assumption in measures of ileal digestibility (ID) to estimate bioavailability of AA and N is that ID is not influenced by lower gut N metabolism. The absorption of nitrogenous compounds from the lower gut, derived from fermentative AA catabolism, may have an impact on N metabolism and microbial AA synthesis in the upper gut as a result of CO(NH(2))(2) recycling. The objective of th...

Metabolite transport between organelles, cells and source and sink tissues not only enables pathway co-ordination but it also facilitates whole plant communication, particularly in the transmission of information concerning resource availability. Carbon assimilation is co-ordinated with nitrogen assimilation to ensure that the building blocks of biomass production, amino acids and carbon skelet...

Network-based systems biology has become an important method for analyzing high-throughput gene expression data and gene function mining. Escherichia coli (E. coli) has long been a popular model organism for basic biological research. In this paper, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) algorithm was applied to construct gene co-expression networks in E. coli. Thirty-one gene co-...

BACKGROUND Butyrate, a short chain fatty acid produced by bacterial fermentation, is a major fuel source for the colonocyte. In vitro work has shown that ulcerative colitis may be characterised by a metabolic defect in colonocyte butyrate oxidation. AIMS To investigate the rate of metabolism of rectally administered butyrate in patients with quiescent colitis. METHODS [1-(13)C]-butyrate ene...

Skeletal muscle is the largest organ in the human body and is the major site for energy expenditure. It exhibits remarkable plasticity in response to physiological stimuli such as exercise. Physical exercise remodels skeletal muscle and enhances its capability to burn calories, which has been shown to be beneficial for many clinical conditions including the metabolic syndrome and cancer. Nuclea...

Microgravity offers excellent advantages for tissue engineering by modulating cellular morphology, metabolism, secretion, proliferation, and stem cell differentiation. In article 2202768 Yannan Zhao, Jianwu Dai co-workers, current simulated-microgravity devices cutting-edge advances of microgravity biomaterials-dependent or biomaterials-independent are summarized discussed to offer a reference ...

A method having sufficient sensitivity to resolve the kinetic constants for dissolved nonpolar substrate metabolism, together with the related rate constants in natural waters, is presented. The method is based on the rate of CO(2) recovery from radioactive dissolved substrate. Sensitivity is enhanced by using large seawater volumes, high-specific-activity isotopes, and by reducing background r...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of metal ions, which may be released from orthopedic or dental implants, on osteoblast metabolism and differentiation. ROS 17/2.8 cells were cultured in F-12 medium for 7 days. Then Al+3, Co+2, Cr+3, Ni+2, Ti+4, and V+3 were added at concentrations less than their cytotoxic concentrations. After 3 days, DNA synthesis, succinate dehydrogena...

background and aims: medicinal plants are a valuable resource for flavonoids extraction. prosopis fracta is one of the plants with medicinal properties. prosopis fracta was found in abundance in southern regions in iran. coersetin is medicinal substance found in the fruit of this plant. quercetin is used in treatment of cancer and viral infections. this study was conducted to determine the quer...