The activation of prothrombin, factor V, factor VIII, factor IX, and factor X by the tissue factor-factor VIIa complex, in vitro, in a system in which each precursor protein was present at plasma concentration, was evaluated using a combination of activity assays, immunoblots, active-site blots, and autoradiography. The thrombin generation curves observed were distinctly nonlinear and typically...

We successfully implemented solvent extraction of short, single-stranded RNA using reverse micelles (water-in-oil microemulsions) with a DNA-surfactant. A thrombin-binding RNA aptamer was enzymatically synthesized and purified by extraction using the reverse micellar system. The extracted RNA aptamer retained thrombin-binding activity after the extraction procedure.

Abstract Purpose of Review Early enteral nutrition improves outcomes following traumatic brain injury (TBI). This can prove difficult due to TBI-induced feeding intolerance secondary disruption the brain-gut axis, a network composed central nervous system (CNS) input, autonomic signaling, and immunologic regulation that controls gut CNS homeostasis. Here, we discuss pathophysiology brain–gut ax...

Following initiation of coagulation as part of the hemostatic response to injury, thrombin is generated from its inactive precursor prothrombin by factor Xa as part of the prothrombinase complex. Thrombin then has multiple roles. The way in which thrombin interacts with its many substrates has been carefully scrutinized in the past decades, but until recently there has been little consideration...

BACKGROUND Circulating microparticles (MPs) derived from endothelial cells and blood cells bear procoagulant activity and promote thrombin generation. Thrombin exerts proinflammatory effects mediating the progression of atherosclerosis. Aortic valve stenosis may represent an atherosclerosis-like process involving both the aortic valve and the vascular system. The aim of this study was to invest...

Despite possessing only 32 residues, the tsetse thrombin inhibitor (TTI) is among most potent anticoagulants described, with sub-picomolar inhibitory activity against thrombin. Unexpectedly, TTI isolated from fly 2000-fold more active and 180 Da heavier than synthetic recombinant variants. We predicted presence of a tyrosine O-sulfate post-translational modification TTI, prompting us to investi...

Primary dural lymphoma (PDL) is a subtype of primary central nervous system (CNS) (PCNSL) with only an extra-axial location. It accounts for less than 1% all CNS lymphomas. PDL sporadic tumor, and in the preoperative period, because imaging characteristics, it usually mimicking meningioma. Usually, low-grade B-cell relatively good response to surgical resection or without radiotherapy. Here we ...

Callosal anomalies are frequently associated with other central nervous system (CNS) and/or somatic anomalies. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical features of corpus callosal agenesis/hypoplasia accompanying other CNS and/or somatic anomalies. We reviewed the imaging and clinical information of patients who underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging in our hospital, between 2005 and 2012. ...