background: reproductive health is an important health topic. there are many challenges in reproductive health and it is necessary to train experts to manage them. the aim of this study was to define the tasks of master of science (msc) graduates in reproductive health through comprehensive needs assessment to establish the course. materials and methods: the study comprised of three steps. in t...

The ability to write effectively is becoming progressively important and instruction in writing is assuming an increasing role in second and foreign language education. Students’ writing abilities have been tested through various writing tasks. Independent tasks of writing or writing-only tasks have been utilized to test students’ writing ability; however, they have been criticized for their la...

Abstract Due to the complex dynamics of systems with redundancy and cancellations, existing results on stability region Redundancy- d (R( )) load balancing policy are scarce limited very special cases respect joint service time distribution tasks. We provide a non-trivial, closed form lower bound R( ) for general distribution. While simulation indicate our is not tight, it provides an easy-to-c...

introduction: this study was conducted to investigate the side effects of closed reduction method as a treatment modality of unilateral condylar fractures of the mandible in patients referred to shahid beheshti university hospital (babol, iran) over than one decade (2002 to 2012). materials and methods: to accomplish this study, patient’s data were collected referring to their files in shahid b...