Background: Spinal anaesthesia is the most preferred regional technique as it easy to perform,economical and produces rapid onset of complete muscle relaxation. The aim intrathecal localanaesthetic provide adequate sensory motor block necessary for all infra umbilical surgeries.Aims Objectives: study compare Onset Duration Sensory Block; andDuration Motor Block other factors in two groups i.e.,...

Abstract Background: This study compared the success rates of buprenorphine and clonidine in detoxification of heroin-dependents and evaluated the recurrence of drug abuse in patients taking naltrexone in a 6 month follow up. Methods: A double-blind study was carried out in Kerman’s psychiatric hospital on heroin-dependents seeking detoxification during the years 2007-2009.These patient...

BACKGROUND Children in paediatric intensive care units (PICUs) require analgesia and sedation but both undersedation and oversedation can be harmful. OBJECTIVE Evaluation of intravenous (i.v.) clonidine as an alternative to i.v. midazolam. DESIGN Multicentre, double-blind, randomised equivalence trial. SETTING Ten UK PICUs. PARTICIPANTS Children (30 days to 15 years inclusive) weighing ...

BACKGROUND Postoperative pain remains a significant problem following paediatric surgery. Premedication with a suitable agent may improve its management. Clonidine is an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist which has sedative, anxiolytic and analgesic properties. It may therefore be a useful premedication for reducing postoperative pain in children. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the evidence for the effective...

Introduction Clonidine (Fig. 1), an imidazoline derivative, is a centrally acting hypotensive agent but its use is being explored in a number of other indications such as anesthesia and the management of opiate with drawl (1). Clonidine belongs to a class of drugs called central alpha-adrenergic agonists. Clonidine has been in clinical use for over 40 years, which is used to treat hypertensive ...

OBJECTIVE To investigate national trends in unintentional pediatric exposures to 3 common alpha-2 agonists: clonidine, guanfacine, and tizanidine. Secondary objectives were to describe outcomes, symptoms, treatments, and death. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective chart review from the American Association of Poison Control Centers National Poison Data System from January 2000 to December 2011 for unin...

BACKGROUND Propofol-ketamine anesthesia is a room air, spontaneous ventilation (RASV), dissociative intravenous (IV) sedation technique reported to have a near-zero postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) rate. Clonidine premedication has been reported to control blood pressure intra- and postoperatively, as well as to reduce the requirements for hypnotic agents. The bispectral index (BIS) mon...

Radiocontrast nephropathy (RCN) is a common clinical problem for which there is no effective therapy. Utilizing a murine model, we tested the hypothesis that alpha(2)-adrenergic receptor agonists (clonidine and dexmedetomidine) protect against RCN induced with iohexol (a nonionic low-osmolar radiocontrast). C57BL/6 mice were pretreated with saline, clonidine, or dexmedetomidine before induction...

BACKGROUND In patients with spinal cord injury, cephalad spread of intrathecal (i.t.) medication could be delayed. METHODS We used bispectral index and an observer scale to assess sedation after two different doses of i.t. clonidine in patients with or without spinal cord injury. Twelve patients with neurological deficit caused by trauma (Spinal Cord Injury, SCI) were compared with patients w...