background: estrogens include estoril (e3), estradiol and estrone (e1). these chemicals are produced in human and animal bodies as well as in synthetic chemicals (drugs). estrogens can enter water sources in different ways. when these chemicals enter the human body through water and wastewater, they have the ability to mimic or disrupt the normal estrogen activities in humans and animals. estro...

Abstract This research applied the geoelectric method to determine presence of aquifer layers in Bumi Harapan village. can value subsurface resistivity, and from this value, will know lithology based on distribution resistivity. The results be described form resistivity logs make it easier find groundwater layer its depth. Subsurface obtained structures topsoil, clayey sand, sandy clay clay. su...

The coastal area of the Ma river delta is formed by interaction continental and marine processes, between neo-tectonic activities exogenous natural factors human during Late Holocene. Using remote sensing geoscience research methods (granulometry, paleontology, geochemistry, clay mineralogy) geomorphological studies (geneses, morphology, dynamics) combined with field survey, this area, except d...

In this study, building failures were investigated in Damaturu metropolis, using Electrical resistivity method which involves, both Vertical Sounding (VES) and Resistivity Tomography (ERT). The study reveal that the area is composed of five geologic layers, are topsoil, clay, sand, sandy-clay, sand. topsoil thickness ranged from 0.7 to 1.9 m has values 127.6 171.5 Ωm. second layer a clay format...

ABSTRACT- Over the past 50 years, oil mulching has been a common technique for sand dune stabilization in the southwest of Iran (Khuzestan province). However, concerns over the release of heavy metals from oil mulching have led to the search for alternative mulches that are capable of stabilizing sand dunes without environmental hazards. This study investigates the feasibility of using sugarcan...

mixed clayey soils occur as mixtures of sand (or gravel) and clay in widely varying proportions. their engineering behavior has not been comprehensively studied yet. an experimental program, comprising monotonic, cyclic, and post-cyclic triaxial tests was undertaken on compacted clay-granular material mixtures, having different proportions of clay and sand or gravel. this paper presents the res...

Submitted: Jul 12, 2013; Accepted: Aug 26, 2013; Published: Aug 29, 2013 Abstract: Sand production in water, oil and gas wells is usually controlled by gravel packing techniques worldwide. Consideration in the gravel pack design requires that the particle size is five or six times the formation sand depending on the formation sand median diameter. Sieve analysis result shows that the grain size...

The principal aim of this article is the presentation of EpsiMu, a tool for dielectric properties measurement. This general tool can be used to characterize all types of materials, but in this article we apply it to porous or granular materials. The tool consists of a coaxial cell and dedicated software that allow us to reconstruct the permittivity in almost real-time by a de-embedding process....

Rotavirus is a leading cause of gastrointestinal illness worldwide. Rotavirus transmission occurs fecal-orally, and becomes a critical water quality issue when soil and water resources are contaminated with feces. Transport of pathogens to surface water sources depends on their survival in the soil, especially considering the fact that large amounts of fecal material are often applied to agricu...

The sand intervals of the Lower Goru Formation of the Cretaceous age, widely distributed in the Middle and Lower Indus Basin of Pakistan, are proven reservoirs. However, in the Sawan gas field of the Middle Indus Basin, these sandstone intervals are very deep and extremely heterogeneous in character, which makes it difficult to discriminate lithologies and fluid saturation. Based on petrophysic...