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Clay minerals are the most abundant on surface of Earth [...]

Introduction: Clay minerals are the most common alteration products of water-rock-gas interactions on Earth. Because these hydrous alteration minerals are thermodynamically stable over a wide range of P-T-x conditions [1], significant amounts of clay may have also formed in Martian environments where liquid water or water vapor was present. It has been speculated that liquid water or vapor may ...

Transport behavior of '37Cs in the environment is regulated by surface sorption reactions on clay mineral surfaces. To provide greater understanding of Cs transport processes, XAFS investigations of the local environments of 133Cs sorbed to clay minerals were conducted on Cs-Ca exchanged clay suspensions at the Cs LIII-edge. With decreased surface loadings of Cs, the Cs local environment exhibi...

Shale formations are composed of clays, feldspars, carbonates, and quartz as major ingredients. Among all the constituents, clays are the most important parameter from an application point of view because of their possibly sensitive nature; they are further categorised as migrating (illite, kaolinite, and chlorite) and reactive (smectite and mixed layers) clays. Smectite is always considered as...

Nontronites are the ferric members of dioctahedral smectites, most of which are structural counterparts of beidellite (Brindley, 1980). The existence of a cont inuous b e i d e l l i t e n o n t r o n i t e series was suggested on the basis of chemical analyses by Ross & Hendricks (1945). However, a nontronite with montmorillonitic structure has been described by KSster (1982). Minor amounts of...