 Igneous Rocks form from the solidification of molten rock. Intrusive igneous rocks are composed of crystals that are large enough to be seen with the naked eye because these rocks cooled slowly, deep within the Earth thereby allowing time for the crystals to grow. In contrast, extrusive (volcanic) igneous rocks cool very quickly after they erupt from a volcano, and so are composed of microsco...

The Proto-Tethys Ocean existed from the Neoproterozoic through early Paleozoic during breakup of Rodinia and was closed with subduction accretion numerous East Asian blocks. North Qinling Orogenic Belt is thought to have formed upon closure Kuanping between China Craton Block. However, timing this widely debated Paleozoic. To date, controversy remains as a barrier in understanding ocean-contine...

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Since 1905, when they were annexed by Japan’s Shimane prefecture, Liancourt Rocks—known as Dokdo by the Koreans and as Takeshima by the Japanese—have been a sticking point in relations between the two countries. Although South Korea has had effective control over the islets since the 1950s, Japan continues to contest those claims. More recently in the 2000s, several incidents have served to agg...

Examples from the Polish clastic and carbonate reservoirs Central Anticlinorium, Carpathians Carpathian Foredeep are presented to illustrate possibilities of using well logging geothermal resources recognition characterization. Firstly, there was a short description selected logs methodology determination petrophysical parameters useful in investigations: porosity, permeability, fracturing, min...

Mineralogical features of placer gold and gold-sulfide ore occurrences the Sololi river basin from uplift Olenek arch have been studied. According to typomorphic indicators, two types are distinguished. The first type is a tabular lumpy shape, often with mineral indentation imprints. inner structure represented by granulation, recrystallization, high-grade intergranular veins, shells typical in...

If we are to talk about molecules of life, the ribosome, made of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and protein, is a key: it stands at the junction between information and action, i.e. between nucleic acids and proteins. It is an extraordinarily sophisticated machine that takes the information present in mRNA and uses it to build proteins, containing over 250K atoms, and measuring more than 200 in every dir...

The main factors of the developmental environment of marine source rocks in continental margin basins have their specificality. This realization, in return, has led to the recognition that the developmental environment and pattern of marine source rocks, especially for the source rocks in continental margin basins, are still controversial or poorly understood. Through the analysis of the trace ...