A four-bit adder is simulated using HSPICE in two classic design methods: a ripple-carry adder (RCA) and a carry-look-ahead adder (CLA). All components of the adders are composed of PMOS, NMOS, and capacitors. The propagation delay and power dissipation were measured under different VDD values and different operating temperatures in HSPICE. A comparison of these two metrics were analyzed betwee...

Milk fat contains several compounds with known anti-carcinogenic properties. One of these is conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), and dairy products are the major source of CLA in human diets. In addition to its anti-cancer effects, biomedical studies with animal models have demonstrated that CLA has a range of beneficial effects. The processes for the biosynthesis of CLA in dairy cows have been est...

Scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI), as well as its human homologue CLA-1, plays an important role in reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) as high density lipoprotein (HDL) receptor. Using a previously developed cell-based screening model for CLA-1 up-regulators, pratensein, was shown to present activity in elevating CLA-1 transcriptional level. In this study, three other isoflavones inclu...

Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA), Glycerol (G) and sunflower oil blends with varying concentration were subjected to enzymatic esterification using a 1, 3- specific immobilized lipase. CLA was used as acyl due to its purported health benefits. The transesterified lipids were evaluated for free fatty acids (FFA) and composition of fatty acids by gas chromatography. Lipozyme RM IM is preferred for ...

Lokenga Badinga and Charles R. Staples Department of Animal Sciences University of Florida Gainesville, Florida Definition and Sources of Conjugated Linoleic Acid Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a collective term describing a mixture of positional and geometrical isomers of linoleic acid (LA, C18:2) involving a double bond at positions 8 and 10, 9 and 11, 10 and 12 or 11 and 13 (Eulitz et al....

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the long-term impact of pediatric central line care practices in reducing PICU central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLA-BSI) rates and to evaluate the added impact of chlorhexidine scrub and chlorhexidine-impregnated sponges. METHODS A 3-year, multi-institutional, interrupted time-series design (October 2006 to September 2009), with historical control data, wa...

A skin-associated population of memory T lymphocytes, defined by expression of the cutaneous lymphocyte antigen (CLA), binds selectively and avidly to the vascular lectin endothelial cell-leukocyte adhesion molecule 1 (ELAM-1), an interaction that may be involved in targeting of CLA+ T cells to cutaneous sites of chronic inflammation. Here we present evidence that CLA itself is the (or a) lymph...

Dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has been shown previously to inhibit rat mammary carcinogenesis. In addition to direct effects on mammary epithelial cells,including decreased proliferation and induction of apoptosis, CLA may exert its effects indirectly by inhibiting the differentiation of mammary stromal cells to an endothelial cell type. Specifically, CLA was found to decrease the abil...

This study examined the effect of CLA, flaxseed oil and fish oil and their combination forms on crude fat of liver and fatty acid profiles of liver, breast and thigh meat in broiler chicks. A total of 72, 1-day-old Cobb broilers were assigned to 6 groups, and fed an experimental diet supplemented with 5 different fat sources; conjugated linoleic acid (2% CLA), flaxseed oil (2% FXO), fish oil (2...