The creatine kinase (CK)/phosphocreatine (PCr) energy buffering system is widespread in animal groups. Recent genomic sequencing and experimental results support the view that the capacity for creatine biosynthesis and membrane transport may have evolved quite early, perhaps coincident with CK. Conventional wisdom would suggest that CK evolved from an ancestral protein most similar to the CK ho...

Burr and Erdős conjectured that for each k, ` ∈ Z+ such that kZ + ` contains even integers, there exists a least function ck(`) such that any graph of average degree at least ck(`) contains a cycle of length ` mod k. This conjecture was proved by Bollobás, and many successive improvements of upper bounds on ck(`) appear in the literature. In this short note, for 1 6 ` 6 k, we show that ck(`) is...

An immunohistochemical study of cytokeratins (CK) in a case of trichilemmal carcinoma (TLC). CK expression showed the presence of CK 1, 10, 14 and 17, suggesting that TLC differentiates toward follicular infundibulum. In a comparison of CK expression between TLC and trichilemmoma, the absence of CK 15 and 16 in TLC may be related to transformation from trichilemmoma to TLC. Trichilemmal carcino...

Leaf shape diversity relies on transient morphogenetic activity in leaf margins. However, how this morphogenetic capacity is maintained is still poorly understood. Here, we uncover a role for the hormone cytokinin (CK) in the regulation of morphogenetic activity of compound leaves in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). Manipulation of CK levels led to alterations in leaf complexity and revealed a un...

Recent advances in analytic techniques have increased the diagnostic value of creatine kinase MB (CK-MB), enabling earlier and more sensitive results. The CK-MB mass immunoassays, that utilise the monoclonal anti-CK-MB in conjunction with anti-M or anti-B antibodies, are able to measure accurately small changes during the early hours after myocardial infarction (MI). CK-MB has two main limitati...

We construct a cubical CW-complex CK(M3) whose rational cohomology algebra contains Vassiliev invariants of knots in the 3-manifold M3. We construct CK(R3) by attaching cells to CK(R3) for every degenerate 1-singular and 2-singular knot, and we show that π1(CK(R 3)) = 1 and π2(CK(R 3)) = Z. We give conditions for Vassiliev invariants to be nontrivial in cohomology. In particular, for R3 we show...

BACKGROUND The AACC assembled a committee to identify and validate a standard creatine kinase MB isoenzyme (CK-MB) material to improve the comparability of CK-MB mass assays. METHODS Three protocols were used. In protocol I, various CK-MB materials prepared in different matrices were screened as candidate standards. In protocol II, participating manufacturers calibrated their systems with con...

Two isoforms of creatine kinase (CK; ATP:creatine N-phosphotransferase, E.C. 2.7.3.2), brain type (BB-CK) and mitochondrial type (MiMi-CK), but not the muscle types (MM- or hybrid MB-CK), were identified by cellulose polyacetate electrophoresis and immunoblots in retina from adult chickens. Indirect immunofluorescence labeling of cryosections of retinas revealed high concentrations of BB-CK in ...

We compared (a) the frequency of detection of isoenzyme MB of creatine kinase (CK; EC 2.7.3.2) in serum of patients undergoing coronary-artery bypass surgery, (b) the interval during uhich its activity was supranormal in serum, and (c) an index of the amount of CK released into blood ("CK-MB area") with postoperative electrocardiographic changes in 80 patients. The frequency of detection of CK-...

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess whether small creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme (CK-MB) elevations after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) affect the subsequent mortality risk. BACKGROUND Several studies have evaluated the relationship of CK-MB levels after PCI with the subsequent risk of death. While there is consensus that elevations exceeding 5 times the upper limit of nor...