Aerosol and water vapour measurements were performed with the lidar system WALES of Deutsches Zentrum für Luftund Raumfahrt (DLR) in October and November 2010 during the first mission with the new German research aircraft G55-HALO. Curtains composed of lidar profiles beneath the aircraft show the vertical and horizontal distribution and variability of water vapour mixing ratio and backscatter r...

Fischthal and Nasir (1974) reported Neohaematotrephus brasilianum (as Cyclocoelum brasilianum) in the spotted-sandpiper Actitis macularia from Venezuela. Three voucher specimens from that report, deposited in the United States National Parasite Collection, however, differ from N. brasilianum by having the cirrus sac on the sinistral side of the body, which resembles N. facioi, N. arayae, and N....

PURPOSE To compare the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) evaluation using Cirrus optical coherence tomography (OCT) and Stratus OCT in glaucoma diagnosis. METHODS One hundred thirty normal and 86 patients with glaucoma were included in this prospective study. The signal strengths of the OCTs were evaluated. The sensitivities and specificities of global RNFL average thickness were compared in t...

In situ measurements of ice crystal concentrations and sizes made with aircraft instrumentation over the past two decades have often indicated the presence of numerous relatively small (< 50μm diameter) crystals in cirrus clouds. Further, these measurements frequently indicate that small crystals account for a large fraction of the extinction in cirrus clouds. The fact that the instruments used...

We present radiative transfer models for submillimeter galaxies with spectroscopic redshifts and mid-infrared spectroscopy from Spitzer/IRS and analyze available Spitzer/MIPS 24, 70 and 160μm data. We use two types of starburst models, a cirrus model and a model for the emission of an AGN torus in order to investigate the nature of these objects. We find that for three of the objects (25%) cirr...

A shape classification technique for cirrus clouds that could be applied to future spaceborne lidars is presented. A ray-tracing code has been developed to simulate backscattered and depolarized lidar signals from cirrus clouds made of hexagonal-based crystals with various compositions and optical depth, taking into account multiple scattering. This code was used first to study the sensitivity ...

The probability of occurrence of ice crystal number densities in young cirrus clouds is examined based on airborne measurements. The observations have been carried out at midlatitudes in both hemispheres at equivalent latitudes (52 − 55 N/S) during the same season (local autumn in 2000). The in situ measurements considered in the present study include temperatures, vertical velocities, and tota...

A new species of tetraphyllidean eucestode inhabiting Urobatis tumbesensis from inshore waters of southeastern Ecuador shares 3 synapomorphies with Rhinebothroides spp.: apical bothridial suckers poorly differentiated from the marginal loculi, internal seminal vesicles, and insertion of the vas deferens dorsally closer to the poral than the aporal end of the cirrus sac. The new species differs ...

PURPOSE We determine whether the automated segmentation software, Duke Optical Coherence Tomography Retinal Analysis Program (DOCTRAP), can measure, in a platform-independent manner, retinal thickness on Cirrus and Spectralis spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) images in eyes with diabetic macular edema (DME) under treatment in a clinical trial. METHODS Automatic segmentatio...

This paper examines the effects of the relationship between cirrus cloud ice water content and cloud temperature on climate change. A simple mechanistic climate model is used to study the feedback between ice water content and temperature. The central question studied in this paper concerns the extent to which both the radiative and microphysical properties of cirrus cloud influence such a feed...