We have calculated the spatial distribution of the electrostatic potential created by an unbalanced charge q in one of the conducting electrodes of a long, uniform, linear array of small tunnel junctions. The distribution describes, in particular, the shape of a topological single-electron soliton in such an array. An analytical solution obtained for a circular cross section model is compared w...

The surge tank located at the upstream head of penstocks and shafts of hydropower plants is an effective measure to protect the headrace tunnels against high pressure fluctuations. It reflects the transient pressure waves that are generated by the variation of the flow discharge inside the powerhouse. The upand down-surges inside the tank, as well as, the percentage of the transmitted pressure ...

This paper suggests a new set of analytical solutions for predicting leakage-induced seepage field and ground settlement in saturated clay. A unique feature of the solutions presented is considering the effect of the tunnel lining through the relative permeability between the tunnel and the soil. Through the superposition method, the proposed method can be easily extended to twin parallel tunne...

The load entering from the ground surrounding on the tunnel’s lining is one of the effective parameters in the designation of a tunnel. The amount of this parameter, which is called Rock load in a rocky environment, depends on several factors such as the overburden thickness, geological and geomechanical conditions and the depth of tunnel. In the present study, the amount of rock load for the L...

The aerodynamic force of vehicles has been affected by the geometric shape front surface. a scaled bus model and CD were experimentally determined in wind tunnel. experimental tests conducted at 6 different free flow velocities. They performed range 3.8×103- 7.9×103 Reynolds number. drawing data obtained 3D scanned drawn Solid Works program. circular cross section control rod was designed 10 mm...

  Anatomical vascular variations are rare causes of carpal tunnel syndrome. An aberrant medial artery is the most common vascular variation, while an aberrant radial artery causing carpal tunnel syndrome is even more rare, with an incidence ranging less than 3%. This article reports a patient with compression of the median nerve at the carpal tunnel by an aberrant superficial branch of the radi...

Long weekly hours of keyboard use may lead to or aggravate carpal tunnel syndrome. The effects of typing on fluid pressure in the carpal tunnel, a possible mediator of carpal tunnel syndrome, are unknown. Twenty healthy subjects participated in a laboratory study to investigate the effects of typing at different wrist postures on carpal tunnel pressure of the right hand. Changes in wrist flexio...

BACKGROUND Tunnel enlargement is frequently seen in short-term follow-up after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). According to new evidence, tunnel enlargement may be followed by tunnel narrowing, but the long-term evolution of the tunnels is currently unknown. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE The hypothesis was that tunnel enlargement is followed by tunnel narrowing caused by ossification a...