Hybrid photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) collector, combining photovoltaic cells with a solar thermal collector, can simultaneously convert solar energy into electricity and heat energy. In this paper, a novel photovoltaic/thermal integrated heat pump (PV/T-HP) system was developed, in which the PV/T collector also acted as evaporator of heat pump. Two types of PV/T collectors with conventional coppe...

Many heat transfer applications, such as steam generators in a boiler or air cooling in the coil of an air conditioner, can be modelled in a bank of tubes containing a flowing fluid at one temperature that is immersed in a second fluid in a cross flow at different temperature. CFD simulations are a useful tool for understanding flow and heat transfer principles as well as for modelling these ty...

This paper deals with transmission theory of plane electromagnetic waves in free space and in cylindrical regions of arbitrary cross section. Transmission properties of such waves can be expressed very simply in the same terms as the properties of electric waves guided by a pair of parallel wires. The earlier parts of the paper are concerned with general theorems and the latter parts with their...