Estimates of the total costs of substance abuse in the United States, including productivity and healthand crime-related costs, exceed $600 billion annually (approximately $181 billion for illicit drugs, $193 billion for tobacco, and $235 billion for alcohol). Twenty-five percent of all US deaths can be attributed to drug abuse. Alcohol, the most commonly used drug among American teenagers, kil...

The abuse of psychotropic drugs and addiction to them is an undeniable health issue. Based on United Nation reports, 185 million individuals across the globe are afflicted with illicit drug abuse. Considering the 2 billion alcohol consumers and at least one billion cigarette smokers, the need to conduct further studies and designing more effective treatments is even more apparent and considered...

The adverse effects of smoking have fostered a natural market for smoking cessation and smoking reduction products. Smokers attempting to quit or reduce consumption have tried everything: "low" or "light" cigarettes; nicotine-infused chewing gum, lozenges, and lollipops; dermal patches; and even hypnosis. The latest craze in the quest to find a safer source of nicotine is the electronic cigaret...

OBJECTIVES The main objective of this study is to examine trends in market share for leading cigarette brands, both before (2002-2008) and after (2009-2013) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulation of tobacco products.Design Data come from the annual National Survey on Drug Use and Health from 2002 through 2013. Descriptive statistics, cross tabulations, and logistic regression were employ...

This program assessed the impact of student presentations on 30 seniors and sought to improve their knowledge of prescription drug misuse and abuse. The six pharmacy students used the ASCP Foundation's "STAMP Out Prescription Drug Misuse and Abuse Tool Kit." Information presented to senior audiences included descriptions of drug misuse and abuse and preventive measures to uphold medication safe...

BACKGROUND Little is known about electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use among Chinese adolescents. We examined the prevalence of current (past 30-day) e-cigarette use and its associated factors in a large sample of adolescents in Hong Kong. METHODS We analyzed data of the School-based Survey on Smoking among Students 2012/13 from a representative sample of 45,857 secondary school students (me...